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1、AnIntroduction to Linguistics 《语言学概论》AboutthecourseLinguisticsisauniversitycourseforEnglishmajorsintheir3rdor4thyearanditinvolvesmanyfieldsofresearch(e.g.psychology,sociology,philosophy),soit’snotsurprisingifyoufinditdifficultatthebeginning.It’samustforlanguagestudentst
2、olearnsomethingaboutlinguisticsandveryimportantforthosewhowanttodofurtherstudyaftergraduation.ThecoursewillbegivenmainlyinEnglish,butinChinesewhennecessary.Afewrequests:Attendthecourseregularlysinceit’sacompulsorycourse.Notanoptionalone.Noabsencefromclasswithoutreasonabl
3、ereasons.Takenotes,remembertheterminalwordsandfacts,anddotherevision.Continuousassessmentwillbegivenforthecourse,sofulfillalltheassignmentssatisfactorilyincludingthe“FurtherReading”partatthebackofthetextbook(P.275-298).Alistofreferencebooks:1.《语言学教程》(英语版),胡壮麟,北京大学出版社。2.《
4、语言学概论》王德春，上海外语教育出版社。3.《现代英语语言学概论（英语版）戴炜栋,上海外语教育出版社。4.《现代语言学》何兆熊梅德明，外语教学与研究出版社5.《简明英语语言学教程》（英语版）戴炜栋等，上海外语教育出版社6.《语言学和语言的应用》王宗炎，上海外语教育出版社7.《语言学》H.G.Widdowson，上海外语教育出版社8.《语言学入门》（英语版）StuartC.Poole外语教学与研究出版社Chapter1LanguageandLinguisticsTheNatureofLanguage(P.1~P.13)Whatislang
5、uage?Ashumanbeings,wecanfeeltheexistenceoflanguageeverywhere.However,veryfewofusknowthetruenatureoflanguage.Thereisremarkableuncertaintyashowlanguagereallyfunctionsinhumancommunication.Greateffortshavebeenmadetodefinethenatureoflanguagefromdifferentpointsofview(Seethe4on
6、esonP.1).Someadditionalones:Languageisthemostfrequentlyusedandmosthighlydevelopedformofhumancommunicationwepossess.──DavidCrystal语言是音义结合的词汇和语法的体系，是人类最重要的工具，是人类思维的工具，也是社会上传递信息的工具。──王德春Unfortunately,aperfectandsatisfactorydefinitionhasyettocome.Despitethedifferencesintheir
7、views,manylinguistshaveagreedtoaccepttheviewthat“Languageis,inessence,asystemofsymbolsdesignedforthepurposeofhumancommunication.”（就其本质而言，语言是人类以交际为目的而设计的一套符号系统）.Theyhavecometoageneralagreementaboutthefollowingimportantfeaturesthataretypicalofthenatureofhumanlanguages.Thed
8、efiningpropertiesofhumanlanguage(语言的特性)Designfeatures（识别特征）:Thepossessionoflanguagemostclearlydistingui
