1、英语相似词语辨析1.force/makeHe was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons.由于政治原因,他被迫离开了自己的祖国。How did the bat make the birds believe that he was on their side?蝙蝠是怎样使鸟儿们相信他是站在他们这边的?<辨析>两者都可以作“迫使”解。force 表示用武力或威胁迫使某人做某事,宾语发出的动作常带有不情愿的意味。这种动作可以用带 to 的不定式表示,也可以用动名词表示。用动名词时,要与介词 into 连用。
2、例如:We forced him to go(into going).我们迫使他去。make 的用法比较广泛,它所表示的强迫性有时不如 force 强,其宾语之后的不定式要省去 to。但当 make 用于被动语态时,所省去的 to 要补上。例如:I was made to go there alone.我被迫一个人去那里。2.before long/long beforeBefore long he had to move on again.不久他不得不再迁移。She said that she had heard of it long before.她说,她老早就
3、听说过这件事。<辨析>before long 与 long before 是词义完全相同的两个词组。before long 意为“很快”,“不久”(soon,after a short period of time),其中 before 是介词,long 是名词。常在句中作状语,多与动词的过去时或将来时连用。如:I'll go to Shanghai before long.不久我要去上海。long before 意为“很久以前”,其中 long 是副词,long before 单独使用时,before 是副词。long before 后接名词、代词时,before
4、 为介词。long before 后接从句时,before 为连词。这个词组常与过去时或过去完成时连用。跟从句时也可以用在现在时的句子中。例如:It will be long before he arrives.还要多久他才到达。3.keep/keep onIt kept raining for three days.接连下了三天的雨。In the years that followed,Mark kept on studying English and using it .在这之后的几年中,马克思继续学习和使用英语。<辨析>keep 与 keep on 都有“不断
5、”的意思。在表示每隔一会儿即发生的动作时,两者可互换。如:He carght cold and kept(on) coughing all the morning.他(得)感冒了,整个上午不停的咳嗽。如表示动作不间断或保持一种状态,则宜用 keep+v-ing。例如:We'ss keep going forward.我们将不断前进。注意:1)keep 或 keep on 后面只能接 v-ing,不能接不定式。2)两者后接表示动作的 v-ing(如:takling,writing,walking,working 和 standing 等),不能接表示静止状态的 v-i
6、ng(如 standing,sitting,lying 和 sleeping 等)。如不可以说 He kept on sleeping.4.be sure about(of)/be sure to/be sure thatHe was not too sure about two things——the grammar and some of the idioms.他在语法和某些方面没有很大的把握。You are sure to understand much more than before.你一定比以前懂得多了。He was sure (that) nobody
7、 there would steal the money.他确信那儿不会有人偷钱。<辨析>be sure about(of) 意为“相信”、“对......有把握”,后接名词、代词或动名词,表示当事人的看法,主语必须是人。be sure to 意为“一定”,“肯定”,后接不定式,往往表示局外人的推测、评论,主语不一定是人。如:It's sure to rain tomorrow.明天一定会下雨。试比较下面两句:He is sure of living to ninety.他自信可以活到90岁。He is sure to live to ninety.他肯定可以活