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1、SamuelTaylorColeridge(1772-1834),Englishlyricalpoet,critic,andphilosopher,whoseLyricalBallads,(1798)writtenwithWilliamWordsworth,startedtheEnglishRomanticmovement.SamuelTaylorColeridgewasborninOtteryStMary,Devonshire,astheyoungestsonofthevicarofOtteryStMary.Afterhisfather'sdeathColeridg
2、ewassentawaytoChrist'sHospitalSchoolinLondon.HealsostudiedatJesusCollege.InCambridgeColeridgemettheradical,futurepoetlaureateRobertSouthey.HemovedwithSoutheytoBristoltoestablishacommunity,buttheplanfailed.In1795hemarriedthesisterofSouthey'sfiancéeSaraFricker,whomhedidnotreallylove.Coler
3、idge'scollectionPoemsOnVariousSubjectswaspublishedin1796,andin1797appearedPoems.Inthesameyearhebeganthepublicationofashort-livedliberalpoliticalperiodicalTheWatchman.HestartedaclosefriendshipwithDorothyandWilliamWordsworth,oneofthemostfruitfulcreativerelationshipsinEnglishliterature.Fro
4、mitresultedLyricalBallads,whichopenedwithColeridge's"RimeoftheAncientMariner"andendedwithWordsworth's"TinternAbbey".Thesepoemssetanewstylebyusingeverydaylanguageandfreshwaysoflookingatnature.ThebrothersJosiahandThomasWedgewoodgrantedColeridgeanannuityof150pounds,thusenablinghimtopursueh
5、isliterarycareer.DisenchantedwithpoliticaldevelopmentsinFrance,ColeridgevisitedGermanyin1798-99withDorothyandWilliamWordsworth,andbecameinterestedintheworksofImmanuelKant.HestudiedphilosophyatGöttingenUniversityandmasteredtheGermanlanguage.Attheendof1799ColeridgefellinlovewithSaraHutchi
6、nson,thesisterofWordsworth'sfuturewife,towhomhedevotedhiswork"Dejection:AnOde"(1802).DuringtheseyearsColeridgealsobegantocompilehisNotebooks,recordingthedailymeditationsofhislife.In1809-10hewroteandeditedwithSaraHutchinsontheliteraryandpoliticalmagazineTheFriend.From1808to1818hegaveseve
7、rallectures,chieflyinLondon,andwasconsideredthegreatestofShakespeareancritics.In1810Coleridge'sfriendshipwithWordsworthcametoacrisis,andthetwopoetsneverfullyreturnedtotherelationshiptheyhadearlier.Sufferingfromneuralgicandrheumaticpains,Coleridgehadbecomeaddictedtoopium.Duringt
