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ID:253482
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页数:9页
时间:2017-07-14
《Explain and discuss Grice’s concept of conventional implicature and relevance theory’s response to that concept英语论文》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、ExplainanddiscussGrice’sconceptofconventionalimplicatureandrelevancetheory’sresponsetothatconcept.IntroductionTheideaofimplicatureisatheoreticalconstructthatwasfirstintroducedbyGriceintheWilliamJamesLecturesmorethanthirtyyearsago(Grice,1989).AndGriceusedthisideatodealwithth
2、eexamplesincommunicationwherewhataspeakermeansgoesbeyondthemeaningliterallyexpressedbytheparticularutterance.Grice’sconceptofconventionalimplicatureandrelevancetheory’sresponsetothatconceptMostofthebodyofGrice(1975)consistsintheattempttoclarifytheintuitivedifferencebetweenw
3、hatisexpressedliterallyinthesentenceandwhatismerelysuggestedorhintedatbytheutteranceofthesamestringofwords.Todistinguishthelatterfromtheformer,Grice(1978)usestheneologismsimplicateandimplicature,andhereferstothelinguisticallycodedpartofutterancecontentasWHATISSAID.Thesumofw
4、hatissaidinthesentenceandwhatisimplicatedinanutteranceofthesamesentenceiscalledtheTOTALSIGNIFICATIONOFANUTTERANCE(Grice1989:41).Implicatureitselfismeanttocoveranumberofwaysinthatliterallyunsaidinformationcanbeconveyed.Forinstance,ifIamwithafriendwhoiseatinganicecreamandIask
5、somethinglike,“Whatflavourisit?”andmyfriendmightoffermeabiteofhericecream.Byofferingsomeoftheicecreamtome,myfriendhasshownthatshethinksIwasimplyingthatIwanttotasteit.ThiskindofimplicationwastermedanimplicaturebyGrice.HoweverGriceiscreditedwithintroducingtheconceptofimplicat
6、ure,ithasbeenpointedoutthatGricedidn’tactuallydefinewhattheimplicatureingeneralis(Saul2002).Implicaturewasdefinednegativelyaswhatiscommunicatedless‘whatissaid’(Sadock1978).Implicaturewascharacterisedsimplyaswhateveriscommunicatedthatisnotpartofwhatissaidbythespeaker.Theonly
7、positivecharacterisationofimplicaturebyGricewashisindicationwhichitisrelatedtothetermsimply,suggestandmean(Grice1989).TheissuefortheGriceandefinitionoftheimplicatureisthatitencompassesfartoolargeanddiversearangeofphenomena.Ifsomethingisnotsaid,thenitconstitutespragmaticinpu
8、tintowhatiscommunicated.Itmeansthatimplicatureisultimatelyequatedwiththepragmatici
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