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1、IdealisminDeathofaSalesmanChapter1IntroductionArthurMiller’splay,DeathofaSalesman,whichwonthePulitzerPrizein1949,wascomparabletoO’Neillathisbest.DeathofaSalesmanwasthatwonderofwonders,amasterpiecethatcameeasily.Theplaytellsthroughflashbacksintercutintopresent-dayaction
2、,ofthefalseaims,degradation,andfinaldeclineofasalesmanwhobelievesheis“vitalinNewEngland”butwho,inreality,isafailure—assalesman,asfather,andashusband.Thedramatellshowitsprotagonist,WillyLoman,amiddle-classsalesmanwhoseyouthisbutamemory,decidestoendhislifeinordertogetthe
3、insurancemoneyforhisfamily.Heislovedbyhiswife,Linda,andhehastwosons,BiffandHappy,whomhehastriedtoraisetobecomemenofinfluenceandpower.ThewholelifeofWillyLomanisfilledwithidealism.Thispaperisabouttoanalyzethatidealismistherootofhistragedy.Idealismleadstohisultimatepsycho
4、logicaldownfall.Hislifeprinciples,snobbishsenseofprideandegoallstepfromhisidealism.IdealismisanaddictionthatmakesWillyLoman’sentirelifeatragedyinwhichhecanneverharmonizehisdreamswithreality.Hisidealism,infact,isthetragedyofhiswholefamily.Inotherwords,itistheidealismtha
5、tforceshimto29commitsuicidebecauseofhisfailureintherealworld.Thispaperismadeupoffiveparts.Partoneistheintroduction,whichgivesabriefcommentonthethesis.Inparttwo,somebasicnotionsinvolvedinidealismarepresented.Partthreemainlyinvestigatestheidealismthatisshowninthemainchar
6、actersandtheirtragediescausedbytheidealismandPartfouraimstoexploretherelationshipbetweenidealismandAmericanDream.Finally,theconclusionismadeinPartfive.29Chapter2BasicNotionsInvolvedinIdealismIdealismisthemainreasonofWillyLoman’stragedyaswellasthebasicconceptofthepaper.
7、Soinordertohaveabetterunderstandingofthisplay,somebasicnotionsaboutidealismarequitenecessary.2.1InterpretationofIdealismIdealism,theattitudethatplacesspecialvalueonideasandidealsasproductsofthemind,incomparisonwiththeworldasperceivedthroughthesenses.Idealisminliteraryi
8、saformthatemphasizestherepresentationofthesubjectiveidealwithastraightfeelingexpression.Thebasicfeaturesofidealismlit
