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1、TheGovernmentofThe U.K.Unit3Contents:1.Abriefintroduction2.Monarchy3.TheParliament4.thePrimeMinisterandCabinet5.TheBritishGovernmentTodayAbriefintroduction:TheUKstillkeepsanoldfashionedgovernmentestablishedonthebasisofconstitutionalmonarchy:ConstitutionalMonarchy:Theheadofthes
2、tateisakingorqueen.Inpractice,thecountryisgoverned,inthenameoftheSovereign,butbyHisorHerMajesty’sGovernment.TheMonarchy1.HistoryoftheMonarchy2.thepresentSovereignisQueenElizabethII,daughterofGeorgeⅥ,whoascendedthethronein1952andwascrownedin1953.hereldestson---PrinceCharles---i
3、stheheirtothethrone.3.PoweroftheQueenQueenElizabethIIQueenElizabethIIQueenElizabethIIQueenElizabethIIQueenElizabethIIQueenElizabethIIThepoweroftheQueenThepowerofthequeenisnowheredefinedasBritainhasnowrittenconstitutionandmanyoftherulesthatgovernthesystemarecustomsorconventions
4、.TheoreticallytheQueenhasallthepower:1.sheistheheadoftheexecutivebranchofgovernmentandgiveseffecttoalllaws;2.shemaypardoncriminaloffensesandcancelpunishments;ThepoweroftheQueen3.sheisthecommander-in-chiefofthearmedforces;4.SheisthetemporalheadoftheChurchofEngland;5.Shealsoconf
5、ersalltitlesofrankandappointsjudges,officersofthearmedforces,governors,bishopsanddiplomats;6.Shehasthepowertoconcludetreaties,todeclarewaruponandmakepeacewithothernations.ParliamentParliamentisthesupremelegislativeauthority,consistsof:theHouseofLordstheHouseofCommonsTheHouseof
6、ParliamentTheHouseofLordsTheHouseofLordscompriseshereditaryandlifepeers,withtheLordchancellorasthePresidentoftheHouse.TheLordChancellorTheLordchancelloristhePresidentoftheHouseofLords.Atpresent,thereareover1,000peerswhohavetherighttoattendthedebates,voteandproposebillsandaskqu
7、estionsofgovernmentministers,butnot5manyofthemactuallyusetheirpower.TheHouseofCommonsTheHouseofCommonsconsistsof651memberselectedfromthecountry’s651constituencies,withMr.Speakerasthechairmanindebates.Mr.SpeakerTheSpeakeriselectedbyavoteoftheHouseatthebeginningofeachnewParliame
8、nttopresideovertheHouseandenforcetheruleoforder.Hehasmorepowe
