资源描述：
《J2EE Development Frameworks 外文翻译原文》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、J2EEDevelopmentFrameworksJava2EnterpriseEditionhasexcelledatstandardizingmanyimportantmiddlewareconcepts.Forexample,J2EEprovidesastandardinterfacefordistributedtransactionmanagement,directoryservices,andmessaging.Inaddition,Java2StandardEdition(J2SE),whichunderpinsJ2EE,providesa
2、largelysuccessfulstandardforJavainteractionwithrelationaldatabases.However,asthe”J2EE’sLackofApplicationProgrammingSupport”sidebarexplains,theplatformhasfailedtodeliverasatisfactoryapplicationprogrammingmodel.SunMicrosystemsandthelargeapplicationservervendorshavetraditionallyres
3、pondedtothisproblembyadvocatingdevelopmenttoolsasawaytohideJ2EE’scomplexity.However,toolsformanagingJ2EEartifactsaren’tnearlyasgoodastoolsforworkingwiththeJavalanguage,withtheirsophisticatedrefactoringcapabilities,andJ2EEtoolsupportisgenerallyinferiortothatoftheMicrosoft.NETplat
4、form.ManyJ2EEtoolsarethemselvescomplex,asisthecodetheygenerate.Manyintheopensourcecommunity,especiallysmallervendors,havechosenthealternativeofdevelopingframeworksdesignedtosimplifytheexperienceofbuildingJ2EEapplications.PopularframeworkssuchasStruts,Hibernate,andtheSpringFramew
5、orkplayanimportantroleinmanyoftoday’sJ2EEdevelopmentprojects.WHYUSEAFRAMEWORKAsoftwareframeworkisasetofclassesthatmakeupareusabledesignforanapplicationor,morecommonly,onetierofanapplication.Whereasapplicationcodeandthusmanagestheflowofcontrol.ThisisoftenreferredtoastheHollywoodp
6、rinciple:”Don’tcallus,we’llcallyou.”Theapplicationdeveloperwritescodethattheframeworkwillthencallatruntime.Designingaframeworkforuseinawidevarietyofunknowncontextsischallenging.However,theframeworkapproachiswelladaptedtothecomplexitiesofJ2EEdevelopmentbecauseitcanprovideasimple,
7、easy-to-usemodelforapplicationprogrammers.Usingawell-designedopensourceframeworkoffersmanyadvantages:*Withagoodframework,developerswriteonlythecodetheyneedtowrite;Theydon’tgetboggeddownworkingdirectlywithlowinfrastructureAPIs.Thisisthekeyvalueproposition.*Awell-designedframework
8、canprovidestructureandconsistencytoanapplicatio
