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1、CHANGSHAUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY毕业设计（论文）资料附件：外文文献原文及译文学生姓名：学号：班级:专业：土木工程（桥梁方向）指导教师：2010年3月WhatistrafficengineeringTrafficengineeringisstillarelativelynewdisciplinewithintheoverallboundsofcivilengineering.ithasneverthelessalreadybeenpartiallyplanning.thediscipli
2、nesarenotsynonymousthough.transportationplanningisconcernedwiththeplanning,functionaldesign,operationandmanagementoffacilitiesforanymodeoftransportationinordertoprovideforthesafe,rapid,comfortable,convenient,economicalandenviromenally-compariblemovementofpeopleandgoo
3、ds.withinthatbroadscope,trafficengineeringdealswiththosefunctionsinrespectofroads,roadnetworks,terminalpoints,aboutlandsandtheirrelationshipswithothermodesoftransportation.Thosedefinitions,basedonthe1976onesoftheU.S.instituteoftransportationengineersarecompletethan,t
4、heBritishinstitutingofcivilengineeringwhichdealswithtrafficplanninganddesignofroads,offrontagedevelopmentandofparkingfacilitiesandwiththecontroloftraffictoprovidesafe,convenientandeconomicalmovementofvehiclesandpedestrians.Thedefinitionsofthedisiciplinearebecomingcle
5、arer:themethodologyisdevelopingcontinuouslyandbecomingincreasinglyscientific.theearlyrule-of-thumbtechniquesaredisappearing.TrafficproblemThedisciplineisyoung:theproblemislargeandstillgrowing.in1920thetotalnumberofmotorvehicles,licensedingreatBritainwas,650,000.fifty
6、yearlaterthecomparablefigurewas14,950,000-agrowthfactorof23times.inrecentyearstherateofgrowthhasslackenedsomewhat,butitisstillconsiderable:19556,466,00019609,439,000196512,938,000197014,950,000197417,247,000Inordertoseetheproblemineverydayterms,considerhighstreet.any
7、where.assumingthatpresenttrendscontinue,itisexpectedthatwithinthenextfifteenyearsofsothetrafficonthisroadwillincreasebyaroundfortytofiftypersent.ifthisincreasedvolumeoftrafficweretobeaccommodatedatthesamestandardastoday,theroadmightneedtobewidenedbyasimilarfortytofif
8、typercent-perhapsextralaneoftrafficforthepedestriantocross.Inmancases,toaccommodatetheforeseeablefuturedemandwoulddestroythecharact
