毕业论文外文翻译-神经网络概述

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1、外文原文与译文l外文原文NeuralNetworkIntroduction1.ObjectivesAsyoureadthesewordsyouareusingacomplexbiologicalneuralnetwork.Youhaveahighlyinterconnectedsetofsome1011neuronstofacilitateyourreading,breathing,motionandthinking.Eachofyourbiologicalneurons，arichassemblyoftissueandchemistry,hasthecomp

2、lexity,ifnotthespeed,ofamicroprocessor.Someofyourneuralstructurewaswithyouatbirth.Otherpartshavebeenestablishedbyexperience.Scientistshaveonlyjustbeguntounderstandhowbiologicalneuralnetworksoperate.Itisgenerallyunderstoodthatallbiologicalneuralfunctions,includingmemory,arestoredinth

3、eneuronsandintheconnectionsbetweenthem.Learningisviewedastheestablishmentofnewconnectionsbetweenneuronsorthemodificationofexistingconnections.Thisleadstothefollowingquestion:Althoughwehaveonlyarudimentaryunderstandingofbiologicalneuralnetworks,isitpossibletoconstructasmallsetofsimpl

4、eartificial“neurons”andperhapstrainthemtoserveausefulfunction?Theansweris“yes.”Thisbook,then,isaboutartificialneuralnetworks.Theneuronsthatweconsiderherearenotbiological.Theyareextremelysimpleabstractionsofbiologicalneurons,realizedaselementsinaprogramorperhapsascircuitsmadeofsilico

5、n.Networksoftheseartificialneuronsdonothaveafractionofthepowerofthehumanbrain,buttheycanbetrainedtoperformusefulfunctions.Thisbookisaboutsuchneurons,thenetworksthatcontainthemandtheirtraining.2.HistoryThehistoryofartificialneuralnetworksisfilledwithcolorful,creativeindividualsfromma

6、nydifferentfields,manyofwhomstruggledfordecadestodevelopconceptsthatwenowtakeforgranted.Thishistoryhasbeendocumentedbyvariousauthors.OneparticularlyinterestingbookisNeurocomputing:FoundationsofResearchbyJohnAndersonandEdwardRosenfeld.Theyhavecollectedandeditedasetofsome43papersofspe

7、cialhistoricalinterest.Eachpaperisprecededbyanintroductionthatputsthepaperinhistoricalperspective.Historiesofsomeofthemainneuralnetworkcontributorsareincludedatthebeginningofvariouschaptersthroughoutthistextandwillnotberepeatedhere.However,itseemsappropriatetogiveabriefoverview,asam

8、pleofthemajordevelo