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1、外文翻译DynamicWebDocumentsSofar,themodelwehaveusedisthatofFig.6-6:theclientsendsafilenametotheserver,whichthenreturnsthefile.IntheearlydaysoftheWeb,allcontentwas,infact,staticlikethis(justfiles).However,inrecentyears,moreandmorecontenthasbecomedynamic,thatis,generatedondemand,ratherthans
2、toredondisk.Contentgenerationcantakeplaceeitherontheserversideorontheclientside.Letusnowexamineeachofthesecasesinturn.Server-SideDynamicWebPageGenerationToseewhyserver-sidecontentgenerationisneeded,considertheuseofforms,asdescribedearlier.Whenauserfillsinaformandclicksonthesubmitbutto
3、n,amessageissenttotheserverindicatingthatitcontainsthecontentsofaform,alongwiththefieldstheuserfilledin.Thismessageisnotthenameofafiletoreturn.Whatisneededisthatthemessageisgiventoaprogramorscripttoprocess.Usually,theprocessinginvolvesusingtheuser-suppliedinformationtolookuparecordina
4、databaseontheserver'sdiskandgenerateacustomHTMLpagetosendbacktotheclient.Forexample,inane-commerceapplication,aftertheuserclicksonPROCEEDTOCHECKOUT,thebrowserreturnsthecookiecontainingthecontentsoftheshoppingcart,butsomeprogramorscriptontheserverhastobeinvokedtoprocessthecookieandgene
5、rateanHTMLpageinresponse.TheHTMLpagemightdisplayaformcontainingthelistofitemsinthecartandtheuser'slast-knownshippingaddressalongwitharequesttoverifytheinformationandtospecifythemethodofpayment.ThestepsrequiredtoprocesstheinformationfromanHTMLformareillustratedinFig.7-33.Figure7-33.Ste
6、psinprocessingtheinformationfromanHTMLform.ThetraditionalwaytohandleformsandotherinteractiveWebpagesisasystemcalledtheCGI(CommonGatewayInterface).ItisastandardizedinterfacetoallowWebserverstotalktoback-endprogramsandscriptsthatcanacceptinput(e.g.,fromforms)andgenerateHTMLpagesinrespon
7、se.Usually,theseback-endsarescriptswritteninthePerlscriptinglanguagebecausePerlscriptsareeasierandfastertowritethanprograms(atleast,ifyouknowhowtoprograminPerl).Byconvention,theyliveinadirectorycalledcgi-bin,whichisvisibleintheURL.Sometimesanotherscriptinglanguage,Python,isusedinstead
8、ofPer
