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1、PLCs--Past,PresentandFutureEveryoneknowsthere'sonlyoneconstantinthetechnologyworld,andthat'schange.ThisisespeciallyevidentintheevolutionofProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)andtheirvariedapplications.Fromtheirintroductionmorethan30yearsago,PLCshavebecomethecornerstoneofhundredsofthousands
2、ofcontrolsystemsinawiderangeofindustries.Atheart,thePLCisanindustrializedcomputerprogrammedwithhighlyspecializedlanguages,anditcontinuestobenefitfromtechnologicaladvancesinthecomputerandinformationtechnologyworlds.Themostprominentofwhichisminiaturizationandcommunications.TheShrinkingPLC
3、WhenthePLCwasfirstintroduced,itssizewasamajorimprovement-relativetothehundredsofhard-wiredrelaysandtimersitreplaced.AtypicalunithousingaCPUandI/Owasroughlythesizeofa19televisionset.Throughthe1980sandearly1990s,modularPLCscontinuedtoshrinkinfootprintwhileincreasingincapabilitiesandperfor
4、mance(seeDiagram1fortypicalmodularPLCconfiguration).Inrecentyears,smallerPLCshavebeenintroducedinthenanoandmicroclassesthatofferfeaturespreviouslyfoundonlyinlargerPLCs.ThishasmadespecifyingalargerPLCjustforadditionalfeaturesorperformance,andnotincreasedI/Ocount,unnecessary,aseventhosein
5、thenanoclassarecapableofEthernetcommunication,motioncontrol,on-boardPIDwithautotune,remoteconnectivityandmore.PLCsarealsonowwell-equippedtoreplacestand-aloneprocesscontrollersinmanyapplications,duetotheirabilitytoperformfunctionsofmotioncontrol,dataacquisition,RTU(remotetelemetryunit)an
6、devensomeintegratedHMI(humanmachineinterface)functions.Previously,thesefunctionsoftenrequiredtheirownpurpose-builtcontrollersandsoftware,plusaseparatePLCforthediscretecontrolandinterlocking.TheGreatCommunicatorPossiblythemostsignificantchangeinrecentyearsliesinthecommunicationsarena.Int
7、he1970sModiconintroductionofModbuscommunicationsprotocolallowedPLCstocommunicateoverstandardcabling.ThistranslatestoanabilitytoplacePLCsincloserproximitytorealworlddevicesandcommunicatebacktoothersystemcontrolsinamainpanel.7Inthepast30yearswehaveseenliterallyhundredsofproprieta
