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1、河南理工大学毕业设计外文翻译Chapter3DigitalElectronics3.1IntroductionAcircuitthatemploysanumericalsignalinitsoperationisclassifiedasadigitalcircuit.Computers,pocketcalculators,digitalinstruments,andnumericalcontrol(NC)equipmentarecommonapplicationsofdigitalcircuits.Pra
2、cticallyunlimitedquantitiesofdigitalinformationcanbeprocessedinshortperiodsoftimeelectronically.Withoperationalspeedofprimeimportanceinelectronicstoday,digitalcircuitsareusedmorefrequently.Inthischapter,digitalcircuitapplicationsarediscussed.Therearemanyt
3、ypesofdigitalcircuitsthathaveapplicationsinelectronics,includinglogiccircuits,flip-flopcircuits,countingcircuits,andmanyothers.Thefirstsectionsofthisunitdiscussthenumbersystemsthatarebasictodigitalcircuitunderstanding.Theremainderofthechapterintroducessom
4、eofthetypesofdigitalcircuitsandexplainsBooleanalgebraasitisappliedtologiccircuits.3.2DigitalNumberSystemsThemostcommonnumbersystemusedtodayisthedecimalsystem,inwhich10digitsareusedforcounting.Thenumberofdigitsinthesystemiscalleditsbase(orradix).Thedecimal
5、system，therefore，hasabaseof10.Numberingsystemshaveaplacevalue，whichreferstotheplacementofadigitwithrespecttoothersinthecountingprocess.Thelargestdigitthatcanbeusedinaspecificplaceorlocationisdeterminedbythebaseofthesystem.Inthedecimalsystemthefirstpositio
6、ntotheleftofthedecimalpointiscalledtheunitsplace.Anydigitfrom0to9canbeusedinthisplace.Whennumbervaluesgreaterthan9areused,theymustbeexpressedwithtwoormoreplaces.Thenextpositiontotheleftoftheunitsplaceinadecimalsystemisthetensplace.Thenumber99isthelargestd
7、igitalvaluethatcanbeexpressedbytwoplacesinthedecimalsystem.Eachplaceaddedtotheleftextendsthenumbersystembyapowerof10.Anynumbercanbeexpressedasasumofweightedplacevalues.Thedecimalnumber2583,forexample,isexpressedas(2×1000)+(5×100)+(8×10)+(3×1).Thedecimalnu
8、mbersystemiscommonlyusedinourdailylives.Electronically,however,itisratherdifficulttouse.Eachdigitofabase10systemwouldrequirea21河南理工大学毕业设计外文翻译specificvalueassociatedwithit,soitwouldnotbepractical.3.2.1BinaryNumberSys
