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1、VisualartsThevisualartsareartformsthatcreateworkswhichareprimarilyvisualinnature,suchasceramics,drawing,painting,sculpture,printmaking,design,crafts,andoftenmodernvisualarts(photography,video,andfilmmaking)andarchitecture.Thesedefinitionsshouldnotbetakentoostrictlyasmanyartisticdiscipli
2、nes(performingarts,conceptualart,textilearts)involveaspectsofthevisualartsaswellasartsofothertypes.Alsoincludedwithinthevisualartsaretheappliedartssuchasindustrialdesign,graphicdesign,fashiondesign,interiordesignanddecorativeart.Asindicatedabove,thecurrentusageoftheterm"visualarts"inclu
3、desfineartaswellastheapplied,decorativeartsandcrafts,butthiswasnotalwaysthecase.BeforetheArtsandCraftsMovementinBritainandelsewhereattheturnofthe20thcentury,thetermartistwasoftenrestrictedtoapersonworkinginthefinearts(suchaspainting,sculpture,orprintmaking)andnotthehandicraft,craft,orap
4、pliedartmedia.ThedistinctionwasemphasizedbyartistsoftheArtsandCraftsMovementwhovaluedvernacularartformsasmuchashighforms.Artschoolsmadeadistinctionbetweenthefineartsandthecraftsmaintainingthatacraftspersoncouldnotbeconsideredapractitionerofart.Theincreasingtendencytoprivilegepainting,an
5、dtoalesserdegreesculpture,aboveotherartshasbeenafeatureofWesternartaswellasEastAsianart.Inbothregionspaintinghasbeenseenasrelyingtothehighestdegreeontheimaginationoftheartist,andthefurthestremovedfrommanuallabour-inChinesepaintingthemosthighlyvaluedstyleswerethoseof"scholar-painting",at
6、leastintheorypracticedbygentlemanamateurs.TheWesternhierarchyofgenresreflectedsimilarattitudes.EducationandtrainingTraininginthevisualartshasgenerallybeenthroughvariationsoftheapprenticeandworkshopsystem.InEuropetheRenaissancemovementtoincreasetheprestigeoftheartistledtotheacademysystem
7、fortrainingartists,andtodaymosttraininartschoolsatatertiarylevel.Visualartshavenowbecomeanelectivesubjectinmosteducationsystems.(Seealsoarteducation.)DrawingDrawingisameansofmakinganimage,usinganyofawidevarietyoftoolsandtechniques.Itgenerallyinvolvesmakingmarksonasurfacebyapply
