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1、临沂师范学院本科专业职业生涯设计外文文献翻译模板1：HeattreatmentofmetalInindustrytodaytherearemorethanathousanddifferentmetalsbeingusedtomanufactureproducts.Themodernautomobilehasmorethanonehundreddifferentmetalsusedinitsconstruction.Anattemptwillbemadeinthispassagetogiveanunderstandingofthebasicclassific
2、ationofmetals.Metalswereformerlythoughttobethoseelementsthathadametalliclusterandweregoodconductorofheatandelectricity.Actually,metalsaregenerallydefinedasthoseelementswhosehydroxidesfrombases(suchassodiumorpotassium).thenonmetals’hydroxidesfromacids(suchassulphur).Metalsmayexista
3、spureelements.Whentwoormoremetallicelementsarecombined,theyformamixturecalledanalloyThetermalloyisusedtoidentifyanymetallicsystem.Inmetallurgyitisasubstance,withmetallicproperties,thatiscomposedoftwoormoreelements,intimatelymixed.Oftheseelementsonemustbeametal.Plaincarbonsteel,int
4、hesense,isbasicallyanalloyofironandcarbon.Otherelementsarepresentintheformofimpurities.However,forcommercialpurposes,plaincarbonsteelisnotclassifiedasanalloysteel.Alloymaybefurtherclassifiedasferrousandnonferrous.Ferrousalloyscontainiron.Nonferrousalloysdonotcontainiron.Allcommerc
5、ialvarietiesofironandsteelarealloys.Theordinarysteelsarethoughtofasiron-carbonalloys.However,practicallyallcontainsiliconandmanganeseaswell.Inaddition,therearethousandsofrecognizedalloysteels.Examplesarespecialtoolsteels,steelsforcastings,forgings,androlledshapes.Thebasemetalforal
6、ltheseisiron.Steelsareoftencalledbytheprincipalalloyingelementpresent.Examplesaresiliconsteel,manganesesteel,nickelsteel,andtungstensteel.Evennonferrousalloysmaycontainironinasmallamount,asimpurities.Someofthenonferrousalloysarebronze,brass,andmonel.Althoughpuremetalssolidifyataco
7、nstanttemperature,alloysdonot.Thefirstnucleihaveatendencytoformatahighertemperaturethanthatatwhichcompletesolidificationoccurs.Eachelementinanalloyhasitsownpeculiaritiesrelativeto14临沂师范学院本科专业职业生涯设计外文文献翻译temperature.Thus,thechangeintemperatureassolidificationprogressescausesthesoli
8、dbeingformedtochangeinchemicalcom
