基于动力改造轿车车身结构改制方法的研究

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1、摘要随着节约能源和改善环境呼声的日益高涨，汽车界正在不断研发采用新能源和新动力形式的节能环保车。本文以国家863重大专项为依托，进行了动力改造车车身改制方法研究。首先在以往燃料电池车研制基础上进行了其下车身拓扑优化计算，得到了满足刚强度条件下燃料电池下车身结构的厚度分布，为今后动力改造车的开发提供了参考。针对下车身改制的“PS3000”燃料电池车，计算了其模态和静态刚强度特性，并将动静态特性同传统车进行比较。在进行结构厚度优化前计算了主要板件厚度对模态、刚度和强度的灵敏度，为结构优化时设计变量的选取提供有价值的信息，提高了优化效率。主要部件板厚优化的结果使总质量略有增大的同时，各个工况的

2、刚强度得到进一步满足。建立了动力改造车有限元碰撞模型，进行了改制车正面碰撞安全性计算，分析了各项安全指标的满足情况。初步探讨了动力改造车应用镁合金车身的可行性。最后，总结了全文，并对今后研究方向进行了展望。关键词：拓扑优化，动静态特性，结构灵敏度，板厚优化，碰撞安全性，镁合金车身ABSTRACTWitlltheincreasinglyhighvoiceofsavingresourcesandimprovingenvironment，energyeconomicalandenvironmentfi-iendlyvechileswithnewenergyresourcesandnewtype

3、sofpowertrainarebeingdevelopedinthefieldofautomotive．111ispaperisbasedonthenation’S863specialprogramandthemethodofthecarbody’sreconstructfortllevechilewithchangedpowertrainisresearched．Firstly,onthebasicofthepreviouslyresearchofthefuel—cellvechiles，thetopologicaloptimizationofthelowercarbodyisexe

4、cuted．Thestructuralthicknessdistributionofthelowercarbodyofthefuelcellcarisobtained．whichalSOmeetstheperformanceofstiffnessandstrength．Andtheresultcarlbe也ereferenceforthedevelopmentofthenextseriesofpowertrainchangedvehicles．Themodeandstaticperformanceofstiffnessandstrengthaleanalysedforthe“PS3000

5、”fuelcellcar,Which10wercarbodyiSreconstructed．TheseperformancesalecomparedwiththeseofthetraditionalCarS．Thesensitivitiesofthepanelthicknesseswithrespecttothemode，stiffnessandstrengtharecaculatedbeforestructuraloptimization，whichprovidevaluableinformationfortheselectionofdesignvariablesduringstruc

6、turaloptimizationandimprovedtheemciencyoftheoptimization．Aftertheoptimizationforthepanelthicknessesofthemainparts．thetotalmassofthecarbodyisslightedincreased．Inthemeanwhile。thestiffnessandstrengthofthecarbodyinvariouscasesareimprovedandsatisfythestandard．TheFEmodelforcrashisbuiltup．Andthefrontalc

7、rashofthereconstructedcarbodyiSsimulated．Differentpiecesofsafetyindexesarecheckedtoseewhethermevarefulfilledinaccordancewiththeregulations．Whetheritisfeasibletoapplymagnesiumalloyonthepowertrainchangedvehicleisprimaril