Sexism as Reflected in the Chinese and English Languages 英语和汉语的性别歧视

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1、英语和汉语的性别歧视SexismasReflectedintheChineseandEnglishLanguagesAbstractLanguageisthemostimportanttoolforhumancommunicationandthinking,anditreflectsthethoughts,theattitudes,andtheculturesofthepeoplewhomakeitanduseit.Nevertheless,language,asatoolforcommunication,islimitedinspaceanddisappea

2、rsinaflashintime.Sexisminlanguagehasforalongtimeremainedaheatedtopicamonglinguists,especiallysociolinguists.Asasystemofbeliefsandpracticesthataffirmthedominanceofmenoverwomenonthebasisofsex,sexismisaninternationalphenomenonwhichoccursinalmostalllanguages.InEnglishandChinese,Sexismaf

3、fectswordformation.Inthewordorder,malewordsalwaysoccurfirstwhenlistedwithfemalewords.TherearesimilaritiesanddifferencesofsexisminEnglishandChinese.SimilaritiesofsexistphenomenainEnglishandChinesereflectinwordorder,addressofwomen.InChinese,sexisminwordmeaningisstrongerthaninEnglish.K

4、eywords:sexism;English;Chinese39内容摘要语言是人类交际和思维的最重要的工具,它反映了语言创造者和使用者的思想、态度和文化。然而，语言作为一种交际工具，在空间上是受限制的，在时间上是瞬间即逝的。语言学家尤其是社会语言学家把语言的性别差异和性别歧视现象作为热点讨论的话题。性别歧视，是以性别为基础而产生的一种歧视现象。它是指一个性别成员对另一个性别成员的歧视，既包括对女性的歧视，也包括对男性的歧视。但是，更为经常地指对女性的歧视。在英语和汉语中，性别歧视影响着英、汉语的词的构成，在词序中，男性词位于女性词之前，英语和汉语中的性别歧视有

5、着相似点和不同点，英、汉语中性别歧视的现象的相似处主要体现在词序，对女性的称呼上。而汉语中的性别歧视在词语中比英语更强烈。关键词：性别歧视；英语；汉语39ContentsIntroduction11.SexisminEnglish31.1Sexisminwordformation31.2Sexisminwordorder41.3DerogatoryNamesforWomen51.4Sexisminproverbs,idioms,dicta,andriddle102.SexisminChinese102.1Sexisminwordformation112.2Se

6、xisminwordorder122.3DiminishedNamesforWomen122.4Sexisminproverbs152.5Sexisminriddles162.6Sexisminpronouns163.SimilaritiesandDifferencesofSexisminEnglishandChinese173.1SimilaritiesofSexistPhenomenainEnglishandChinese173.1.1Wordorder183.1.2Women’snicknames193.1.3Negativeconnotationsbe

7、hindwomen’snames203.1.4Genericpronouns233.2DifferencesofSexismbetweenEnglishandChinese243.2.1Ideographiclanguageandalphabeticlanguage243.2.2Isolatinglanguageandinflectinglanguage27Conclusion32Notes34References3539IntroductionLanguageisthemostimportanttoolforhumancommunicationandthin

8、kinganditreflectsth