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1、OnDifferencesofTaboosbetweenChineseandWesternCulturesChapterIIntroductionWiththeglobalizationandChina’swideropeningtotheoutsideworld,amultipleChinesepeoplebegintolearnEnglish.TheyhaveagoodcommandofEnglishpronunciation,grammarandvocabulary.However,whencontactingwesterners,theystillfinditdifficult
2、tocommunicatesmoothlyandeffectively.Infact,learningalanguageisinseparablefromknowingaboutitsculture.Learningaculturemeansthatweshouldmakeitclearwhatthingswemaydoornotandwhichwordswecansayornotunderthespecificcircumstance.Asforthosewemustn’tdoorsaydefinitely,wecallthemtaboos—aself-restrictiononou
3、rbehaviors,aphenomenonwhichoccursinalmostallcultures.Accordingtosociology,therearedifferencesamongculturesindifferentcountries,soitiswithtaboos.Becauseofthedifferencesofculturaltaboos,misunderstandingmayrise,thoughlanguageusedincommunicationmaybeflawless.Becauseofdifferencesofculturaltaboos,fric
4、tionmayincreasetoaffecttherelationshipswithothers.Inordertobesuccessfulincross-culturalcommunicationaswellastopromotefrequentexchangesbetweenChinaandtheWest,itisnecessaryforustoknowthedifferencesoftaboosbetweenChineseandwesterncultures.ChapterIIGeneralViewsonTaboos2.1TheDefinitionofCultureCultur
5、ehasbeenstudiedanddefinedinmanywaysbyscholarsrepresentingvariousdisciplines.In1871,E.B.Taylor,afamousBritishanthropologist,definedcultureas“thecomplexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,morals,laws,customsandmanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymembersofsociety.”BritannicaConciseEncycloped
6、iagivessuchanexplanationofculture“Itreferstotheintegratedpatternofhumanknowledge,belief,andbehaviorthatisbotharesultofandintegraltothehumancapacityforlearningandtransmittingknowledgetosucceedinggenerations.”(EncyclopediaBritannica,2002)14Culturehasplayedacrucialroleinhumanevolution,allowinghuman
7、beingstoadapttheenvironmenttotheirownpurposesratherthandependsolelyonnaturalselectionstoachieveadaptivesuccess.Everyhumansocietyhasitsownparticularculture,orsocialculturalsystem.Culturaldifferencesdistinguishonesocietyfroman
