PET词汇表.pdf

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1、VOCABULARYLISTPreliminaryEnglishTest(PET)1IntroductiontothePETVocabularyListThePETVocabularyListgivesteachersaguidetothevocabularyneededwhenpreparingstudentsforthePETexamination.BackgroundtotheListThePETlistwasoriginallydevelopedbyCambridgeESOLinconsultationwithexternalconsul

2、tantstoguideitemwriterswhoproducematerialsforthePETexamination.ItincludesvocabularyfromtheCouncilofEurope’sThreshold(1990)specificationandothervocabularywhichcorpusevidenceshowsishigh-frequency.ThelistcoversvocabularyappropriatetothislevelofEnglishandincludesreceptivevocabula

3、ry(wordsthatthecandidateisexpectedtounderstandbutwhichisnotthefocusofaquestion),andproductivevocabulary(wordsthatthecandidateneedstoknowtoansweraquestion).ThelistdoesnotprovideanexhaustivelistofallwordswhichappearonthePETquestionpapersandcandidatesshouldnotconfinetheirstudyof

4、vocabularytothelistalone.HowtheListisUpdatedThevocabularyofEnglishchangesovertime,withwordsbeingaddedandotherwordsfallingintodisuse.Inordertomaintainitscurrency,thePETlistisupdatedonanannualbasisbytheadditionandremovalofwords,usingacorpus-basedapproach.Suggestedadditionstothe

5、wordlistarecollatedandthefrequencyofthesewordsisobtainedbyreferencetoestablishedcorpora(electronicdatabases).Thecorporainquestionrepresentreceptiveandproductivelanguageingeneralcontexts.ThemaincorporausedforthevalidationofthePETVocabularyListare:•theCambridgeLearnerCorpus(CLC

6、)whichincludesover20millionwordsofwrittenlearnerEnglishatsixlevels;•theBritishNationalCorpus(BNC)whichincludes100millionwordsofwrittenandspokennativespeakerdata.OrganisationoftheList•WordsetsSomecategoriesofwordsalearneratthislevelmightbeexpectedtoknowarenotincludedinthealpha

7、beticallistbutarelistedseparately.Wordsformedwithcommonaffixes,somecompoundsandwordsfromsomecommonwordsets,e.g.daysoftheweekaredescribedbelowandinAppendix1.Althoughsome‘grammarwords’(pronouns,modals,etc.)areincluded,the‘LanguageSpecification’sectionofthePETHandbook(availableu

8、nder‘Downloads’)shouldbeconsultedforamorecompletelisting.•Exemplific