A Comparative Study of the Chinese, U.S. and Canadian Healthcare Systems What can China learn from developed countries, and vise versa

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1、AComparativeStudyoftheChinese,U.S.andCanadianHealthcareSystemsWhatcanChinalearnfromdevelopedcountries,andviseversa?AbstractThisarticledescribesandexaminesthenewlyimplementedbasicmedicalinsurancesystemforurbanemployeesinChina.Theinsurancesystemwasbuiltontwodistinctconcepts,individual

2、providenceandsocialinsurance;andcharacterizedbynationalgovernmentmandates,localgovernmentadministration,andemployer/employeecontributions.ThestudyfoundthattheChinesebasicmedicalinsuranceprogramforurbanemployeeswasimplementedinallmajorurbanareas.About130millionpeoplewerecoveredundert

3、heschemeasofMay2005.Theprogrambenefitsarelimitedwithrelativelylowceilingsonreimbursableexpensesandhighratesofcostsharingfromtheinsured.Theprocedureforreimbursementiscomplicatedandtimeconsuming.ChinacanlearnfromtheU.S.andCanadiansystemsinbothfinancingandprovidinghealthcare.TheU.S.sys

4、temarguablysuppliesthebestmedicalservicesintermsofqualityandaccessibilityforthosewhoareinsuredorforthosewhocanpayoutofpocket.ButthehugecostsmaynotworkwellwithChinaatpresent.TheCanadiansystem,whichisrelativelyeffective,efficient,andequitable,althoughnotasaccessible,mayfitChinabetter.

5、ThestudyalsosuggeststhattheU.S.employerbasedhealthcareinsurancesystemrequiresamajoroverhaul.TheU.S.healthcaresystemputsU.S.companiesatadisadvantageintheincreasinglycompetitiveglobalmarketplace.KeywordsMedicalinsuranceChinesebasicmedicalinsuranceU.S.healthcaresystemCanadianhealthcare

6、system1Introduction"Thegoalofahealthcaresystemshouldbetoprovideallcitizenswithaccesstoqualityandaffordablehealthcare”(Pipes,2004).Buttoachieveaccessibility,quality,andaffordabilityisbynomeansaneasytask.Thisisespeciallytruefordevelopingcountriesthatfacecompetingprioritieswithlimitedr

7、esources.ThisarticledescribestheChinesehealthcaresystemingeneral,andexaminesthenewlyestablishedurbanemployeebasicmedicalinsuranceprograminparticular.TheChinesehealthcaresystemwasanalyzedagainstabackdropoftheU.S.andCanadianhealthcaresystems.ThestudyintendstoinformChinesepolicymakersi

8、nhealthcarereformby