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1、第14页ThePsychoanalysisofHesterinTheScarletLetterⅠTheHawthorneNathanielandHesterPrynne1.1Hester’sPainsandHawthorne’sViewsonSufferingsHawthorneisawarethatsocietycanbechangedgradually,andhisalsoawarethattheprogressofsocietyisaccompaniedwithheavycost.Hawthornehaslonghadasad,tragicrecognitiont
2、hatabreakwiththepastanditsvaluestoooftencannotbeachievedatallorcannotbemadewithout“suchsufferingthatthecostmaytotoohigh”.①ConstanceRourkeoncesaidthat“Hawthornewasdeeplyengagedbytheconsiderationoflostorsubmergedemotion.”TheScarletLetter,likehisotherworks.Describesthelossorsubmergenceofemo
3、tioninvolvedintheabandonmentoftheculturalheritageoftheOldWorld.InHawthorne’seyes,ifacertainbeautydisappearsonouressayfromtheOldWorldtotheNewWorld,thatisthepriceweshouldpay②.Inthispassage,attentionispaidtothesufferingsofHesterPrynneintheprocessofstrivingforaneworderoflife.Inherlongyears’s
4、truggling,Hesterturnsherselffromanadulteresspunishedbythecolonytotheself-ordained“SisterofMercy,”buthervictoryisgainedatgreatcost—thelonelinessoverlove,loftyandlaughter.Hawthorneinhislifetimesuffersthepainofbeingseparatedfromtheoutsideworld,partlybecauseofhislonelyfamily,andpartlybecause
5、ofhisdisagreementwithhiscontemporariesinlightofsocialreform.ThenitdepictsHester’sgloomylifewithnoloveandlaughter.Hesterissurroundedbyamoodofharrieddejection.Hester’sgloomisillustratedfromtwoaspects:oneisfromthegreyenvironmentsurroundedHester;theotheristhatHesteristhevictimofthePuritansoc
6、ietythattreatsherwithhardseverityatbest.Hester’stragedyisalsoindicatedbyalienationfromthecommunity—bothphysicalandspiritual.1.2Hawthorne’sAlienationinHisPersonalLifeComingbackfromHawthorne’sfuneral,Endersonwroteinhisjournal:ClarkeinthechurchsaidthatHawthornehaddonemorejusticethananyother
7、stotheshadesoflife,shownsympathythecrimeinournature,andlikeJesus,wasthe第14页friendsofsinners.Ithoughttherewasatragicelementintheerror,thatmightbemorefullyrendered—inthepainfulsolitudeofthewar,which,Isuppose,couldnolongerbeendured,andhediedofit.③AccordingtoEmerson,thegreate
