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1、RAYMONDARONGERMANSOCIOLOGYTranslatedbyMaryandThomasBottomoreTHEFREEPRESSOFGLENCOEGermanSociologyPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingorbyanyinformation,storageandret
2、rievalsystem,withoutper-missioninwritingfromthePublisher.FIRSTFREEPRESSPAPERBACKEDITION1964Forinformation,address:TheFreePressofGlencoeADivisionofTheMacmillanCompanyTheCrowell-CollierPublishingCompany60FifthAvenue,NewYork,N.Y.,10011ContentsEDITOR'SFOREWORDVUINTRODUCTIONII.SYSTEMATICSOCIOLOGY4For
3、malSociologySocietyandCommunityPhenomenologicalSociologyUniversalisticSociologyConclusionII.HISTORICALSOCIOLOGY37OppenheimerCulturalSociologySociologyofKnowledgeConclusionHI.MAXWEBER67TheLogicoftheSocialSciencesPoliticalTheoryandPoliticalActionHistoricalResearchesGeneralSociologyIV.SOCIOLOGYINFR
4、ANCEANDGERMANY107APPENDIX:PROBLEMSANDMETHODSOFCONTEMPORARYSOCIOLOGY118BIBLIOGRAPHY136Editor'sForewordrofessorAron'sLaSociologieAllemandeContemporainewasPfirstpublishedin1936.BythatdateHitlerandtheNazishadalreadybroughttoanendthetraditionofthoughtandenquirywhichthisbookdescribes.Refugeescholarsfr
5、omtheGermanlandscontributedmuchtotheirnewcountries,butachapterinthehistoryofsociologywasclosed,andwhenfreesocialenquiryandspeculationbecamepossibleagaininpost-NaziGermanyeventheprestigeofsuchuncompromisedscholarsasL.v.WieseorAlfredWebercouldnotre-openit.Anewchapterwasbegun,andnoonecanasyetbecert
6、aineitherastoitscontentoritssignificance.Whatiscertainistheworld-wideinfluenceofthewriterswithwhomthisbookisconcerned.Yet,thoughtheyhavebeenin-fluentialtheyhaveremainedobscure.Translationsandotherexpositionsthanthisareavailable,yet,lackingthenecessaryphilosophicalcluetheyhave,Ithink,beenlargelyu
7、nsuccessfulinthetaskofscientificcommunicationforwhichtheywerein-tended.ProfessorGinsbergintwocompactessays,"TheProb-lemsandMethodsofSociology",and"RecentTendenciesinSociology"whicharetobefoundinhisReasonandUnreasoninSociety^
