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1、ACRITICALDICTIONARYOFSOCIOLOGYACRITICALDICTIONARYOFSOCIOLOGYRAYMONDBOUDONandFRANÇOISBOURRICAUDSelectedandTranslatedbyPETERHAMILTONRoutledgeFirstpublishedin1982byPressesUniversitairesdeFrance108,boulevardSaint-Germain,75006ParisThiseditionpublishedintheTaylor&Francise-Library,2003.Secondedition,1986F
2、irstpublishedinEnglishin1989byRoutledge11NewFetterLane,LondonEC4P4EEandTheUniversityofChicagoPress5801EllisAvenue,Chicago60637©1982,1986PressesUniversitairesdeFrance©Englishtranslation1989RoutledgeandTheUniversityofChicagoAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilizedinanyfor
3、morbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataBoudon,Raymond,1934–Acriticaldictionaryofsociology.1.SociologyI.Ti
4、tleII.Bourricaud,FrançoisIII.Hamilton,Peter301ISBN0-203-19956-1Mastere-bookISBNISBN0-203-19959-6(AdobeeReaderFormat)ISBN0-415-01745-9(PrintEdition)CONTENTSEditor’sForewordviiEconomicsandRationality285Introduction1Sociology139Religion292IntroductiontotheEgalitarianism146Reproduction303secondedition7E
5、lections149Role308Élite(s)155Rousseau,Entries:Experimentation162Jean-Jacques312Action11Schumpeter,JosephFamily169Action(collective)18Alois321Function176Aggregation24SocialChange325Functionalism181Alienation30SocialControl330Anomie34Groups185SocialMobility336Authority38SocialHistoricism193Stratificat
6、ion340Beliefs41HistoryandSocialSymbolism346Bureaucracy49Sociology199Socialization355Sociobiology361Capitalism55Ideologies207Spencer,Herbert367Causality61State,The374Charisma69Knowledge213Status383Community73Structuralism387Machiavelli,Comte,Auguste77Structure393Niccolò219ConformityandSuicide395Marx,
7、Karl225Deviance81System400Measurement232Crime87CulturalismandMethodology238Teleology405Culture93Minorities243Theory409Cycles100Tocqueville,Needs251Alexisde415Democracy105Objectivity259Utilitarianism41
