昆明理工大学研究生英语2012a卷

《昆明理工大学研究生英语2012a卷》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、昆明理工大学研宄生试卷2012级硕士研究生（学术型）2012-2013学年上学期综合英语期末试卷（答案必须全部做在答题纸上）考试时间：授课教师：专业：学生姓名：学号:PartIReadingComprehension(40points)Directions:Therearefourreadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAns

2、werSheet.Passage1The$11billionself-helpindustryisbuiltontheideathatyoushouldturnnegativethoughtslike“Ineverdoanythingright”intopositiveoneslike“Icansucceed”.ButwaspositivethinkingadvocateNormanVincentPealeright?Istherepowerinpositivethinking?ResearchersinCanadajustpublishedastudyint

3、heJournalofPsychologicalSciencethatsaystryingtogetpeopletothinkmorepositivelycanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect:itcansimplyhighlighthowunhappytheyare.Thestudy’sauthor，JoanneWoodandJohnLeeoftheUniversityofWaterlooandElainPerunovicoftheUniversityofNewBrunswick，beginbycitingolderresearch

4、showingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveisoverlypositive，theyactuallyfeelworse,notbetter.IfyoutellyourdimfriendthathehasthepotentialofanEinstein，you’rejustunderlininghisfaults.Inone1990sexperiment，ateamincludingpsychologistJoelCooperofPrincetonaskedparticipantstowriteessayso

5、pposingfundingforthedisabled.Whentheessayistswerelaterpraisedfortheirsympathy，theyfeltevenworseaboutwhattheyhadwritten.Intheirexperiment，Wood，LeeandPerunovicmeasured68students’self-esteem.Theparticipantswerethenaskedtowritedowntheirthoughtsandfeelingsforfourminutes.Every15seconds，on

6、egroupofstudents，heardabeltWhenitrang,theyweresupposedtotellthemselves，“I’mlovable”.Thosewithlowself-esteemdidn’tfeelbetteraftertheforcedself-affirmation.Infact，theirmoodsturnedsignificantlydarkerthanthoseofmembersofthecontrolgroup,whoweren’turgedtothinkpositivethoughts.Thepaperprov

7、idessupportfornewerformsofpsychotherapythaturgepeopletoaccepttheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsratherthanfightthem.Inthefighting，wenotonlyoftenfailbutcanmakethingsworse.Meditationtechniques，incontrast，canteachpeopletoputtheirshortcomingsintoalarger,morerealisticperspective.Callitthepo

8、werofnegativethinki