英国文学简史 刘炳善著(1-3单元)

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1、PartoneConquests&InfluencesA.Earlyperiod:1.TheRomanconquest:(1)TheRomancivilization文明；文化(2)Christianity(基督教)(3)Flouring(兴旺)oftownsalongmilitaryroads2.TheEnglishconquest:(1)ThreetribesEnglisholdEnglish(theAngles,SaxonsandJutes)(2)Tribalsociety-feudalism(社会封建制度)B.Medievalperiod:1.TheDanishconquest2

2、.TheNormanconquest(1)TheFrench-SpeakingNormansunderDukeWilliamcamein1066(2)Establishmentoffeudalism(封建制度)(3)FrenchwordscametoEnglishAnglo-SaxonPoetry(499-1066)1.Anglo-Saxons:theancestorsoftoday’sEnglishmen2.ThebeginningofhistoryofEnglishliterature3.Features:alliteration(头韵)&rhymesmetaphors(押韵的比喻)

3、andunderstatements(轻描淡写)4.Theonlygreatwork:BeowulfBeowulf1.Anationalepic(史诗般的作品)oftheEnglishpeople.2.Pagan(异教徒的)poetry&Norepresentativefigure(没有代表性人物)3.AfolklegendbroughttoEnglandbyAnglo-SaxonfromNorthernEurope.4.Praisesman’senergy,intellectandloveoflife;andexposesthesocialvices.(社会的黑暗面)Featureso

4、fBeowulf1.Alliteration2.Metaphors(隐喻)3.Understatements(保守的陈述)ThesignificanceofBeowulf1.Thisglorious(辉煌的)epicpresentsusavividpictureofthelifeofAnglo-Saxonpeopleandhighlypraisesthebraveandcourageousspiritofthefightingagainstthevices.2.Theepicreflectsthesituationsthepagantribalism(部落文化)andoftheera(时

5、代)oftheChristianized(基督教化)feudalsociety.3.Theepicgivesthevividportrayal(写照)ofagreatnationalhero,strongandcourageouspeopleandhiskinfolk.(亲属)FeudalEngland1.Thechieffeaturesofthesocietywasdivisionintotwoclasses:Landlordsandpeasants.2.Thepeasants’risingshookthefeudalsysteminEnglandtotheroot.TheRomanc

6、e1.Thecodeofmannersandmoralsofaknightisknownaschivalry(骑士精神).2.TheEnglishversionsofromancesweretranslatedfromFrenchorLatin.3.TheromanceofKingArthuristhemostimportantforthehistoryofEnglishliterature.4.Theromance’sculmination(顶点)in(metricalromance)5.Theromance’ssummingup

7、inThomasMalory’s(inEnglishprose散文)6.(i.E.theDeathofKingArthur)isacollectionofstoriesaboutKingArthur,translatedfromFrenchbySirThomasMalory.LanglandwrittenbyWilliamLangl