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1、跳高运动员郑幸娟倒3步助跑技术研究摘要:对我国优秀女子跳高运动员郑幸娟倒3步助跑技术进行分析,结果表明:郑幸娟倒3步助跑弧线衔接不流畅,导致助跑水平速度的损失;助跑中两臂摆动动作不规范,倒2步摆动腿“牢固支撑”动作做得不够,直接造成身体内倾角加大;倒两步助跑脚着地瞬间身体重心高度出现上升趋势,从而影响了助跑和起跳的衔接;助跑倒1步身体重心水平速度下降明显,起跳脚着地瞬间身体重心水平速度仅为5.94m/s,比倒2步下降了0.64m/s,低于国内外优秀女子运动员;助跑倒1步起跳脚着地瞬间身体重心垂直速度为正值,身体重心呈向上运动趋势。郑幸娟跳高的倒3步助跑技术有待改善。关键词:
2、运动训练;倒3步助跑技术;跳高;郑幸娟分类号:G808.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-7116(2011)06-0119-05Analysisofthelastthree-steprunninguptechniqueofZHENGXing-juanasanexcellentfemalehighjumperYONGMingl,ZOUYu-ling2,LUA-mingl(1.SchoolofPhysicalEducation,SoochowUniversity,Suzhou215021,China;2.SchoolofPhysicalEducation,NanjingNo
3、rmalUniversity,Nanjing210097,China)Abstract:Theauthorsanalyzedthelastthree-steprunninguptechniqueofZHENGXing-juanasanexcellentfemalehighjumperinChina,andrevealedthefollowingfindings:thecurveoflastthree-steprunningupbyZHENGXing-juanwasnotconnectedfluidly,whichresultedinthelossofhorizontalru
4、nningupspeed;duringrunningup,theswingingmoveofherarmswasnotnormative,andatthelasttwosteps,the“securesupporting”moveofherswinginglegwasnotwellmade,whichdirectlycausedtheincreaseoftheinnertiltingangleofherbody;atthelaststeps,thecenterofgravityofherbodyroseatthemomentherrunningupfootlandedont
5、heground,whichthusaffectedtheconnectionofrunningupandtakingoff;atthelaststepofrunningup,thehorizontalspeedofthecenterofgravityofherbodydecreasedsignificantly,wasonly5.94m/satthemomenthertakingofffootlandedontheground,0.64m/slowerthanthatatthelasttwosteps,lowerthanthatofexcellentfemalehighj
6、umpersathomeandabroad;atthemomenthertakingofffootlandedonthegroundatthelaststepofrunningup,theverticalspeedofthecenterofgravityofherbodywasapositivevalue,andthecenterofgravityofherbodyshowedatrendofgoingup.Thelastthree-steprunninguptechniqueofZHENGXing-juanneedstobeimproved.Keywords:sports
7、training;lastthree-steprunninguptechnique;highjump;ZHENGXing-juan背越式跳高弧线助跑方式具有十分重要的意义。首先,弧线助跑使身体处于内倾状态,内倾状态下身体重心的下降为助跑过渡到起跳阶段加大工作距离、缩短起跳时间创造了条件;其次,在内倾状态下进入起跳腿着地支撑,所形成的弧线运动制动和弧线助跑的惯性作用,能使身体自然竖直,这样可以把起跳的偏心推力控制在最小的范围内,有利于提高垂直起跳的效果;第三,弧线助跑时,运动员身体逐渐转向侧对横杆,最后从内倾姿势进入