细胞生物学课件

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1、分子细胞生物学MolecularCELLBIOLOGYChapter1IntroductiontothecellLearningObjectives1.AboutCellBiology2.Lookbrieflyatthehistoryofcelltheory;3.Considerthebasicpropertiesofcells;4.Comparesomecharacteristicsoftwodifferentclassesofcells:prokaryotesandeukaryotes;5.Comprehendaspeciallife:viruses1.About“Ce

2、llBiology”What?Forwhy?Howtostudy?TheNIHofUSA(1988):“Whatispopularinresearchtoday？”3kindsofdiseases：cancercardiovasculardiseasesinfectiousdiseases：AIDS，hepatitis5researchfields：cellcyclecontrol；cellapoptosis；cellularsenescence；signaltransduction；DNAdamageandrepair.Whatweknow//Howw

3、eknow.ISI,USA(1997):SCI（ScienceCitationIndex）Papers:Threetopsofresearchfields:No1:Signaltransduction；No2:Cellapoptosis；No3:Genomeandpost-genomicanalysis。2.TheCellTheory:ABriefHistoryIn1665,RobertHookesawanetworkoftinyboxlikecompartmentsthatremindedhimofahoneycomb.Hecalledtheselittlecompart

4、ments“cellulae”,aLatintermmeaninglittleroom.Itisfromthiswordwegetourpresent-dayterm,cell.ThemicroscopeusedbyRobertHookeandthehoneycomb-likenetworkof“cell”hedrawedin1665ThediscoveryofcellsfollowedfromtheinventionofthemicroscopeCelltheoryhasthreebasictenets:1.Allorganismsarecomposedofoneormo

5、recells.2.Thecellisbasicunitofstructureandfunctionforallorganisms.3.Allcellsariseonlyfrompreexistingcellsbydivision.3.Whyarecellsthebasicunitsoflife?A.Thecellisthestructuralunitoflife,Allorganismsismakeupofcells.B.Thecellisthefunctionalunitoforganisms.Allmetabolicactivityisbasedoncells.C.T

6、hecellisthefoundationofreproduce,andthebridgeofinheritance.D.ThecellisthegrowinganddevelopingbasisoflifeHumanfetaldevelopment.(a)At5weeks,limbbuds,eyes,theheart,theliverandrudimentsofallotherorganshavestartedtodevelopintheembryo,whichisonlyabout1cmlong.(b)Growthanddevelopmentoftheoffspring

7、,nowcalledafetus,continueduringthesecondtrimester.Thisfetusis14weeksoldandabout6cmlong.(c)Thefetusinthisphotographis20weeksold.Nowthefetusgrowstoabout30cminlength.E.Cell(nucleus)istotipotent,whichcancreateaneworganismofthesametypeAsageneralrule,thecellsofamult