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1、WhatDoesLanguageTestingHavetoOffer?soNormal>LYLEF.BACHMANUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesAdvancesinlanguagetestinginthepastdecadehaveoccurredinthreeareas:(a)thedevelopmentofatheoreticalvieultiponentialandrecognizestheinfluenceofthetestmethodandtesttakerch
2、aracteristicsontestperformance,(b)applicationsofmoresophisticatedmeasurementandstatisticaltools,and(c)thedevelopmentof“municative”languageteststhatincorporateprinciplesof“municative”languageteaching.Afterrevieodeloflanguagetestperformancethatincludestethod
3、.Languageabilityconsistsoflanguageknoetacognitivestrategies,ethodincludescharacteristicsoftheenvironment,rubric,input,expectedresponse,andrelationshipbetthismodel.Thesituationalauthenticityofagiventesttaskdependsontherelationshipbetethodcharacteristicsandt
4、hefeaturesofaspecificlanguageusesituation,entisdiscussed.Since1989,fourpapersreviean,1990a;Skehan,1988,1989,1991).Allfourhavearguedthatlanguagetestinghaseofageasadisciplineinitsoonthemeinallthesearticlesisthatthefieldoflanguagetestinghasmuchtoofferintermso
5、ftheoretical,methodological,andpracticalacplishmentstoitssisterdisciplinesinappliedlinguistics.Sincethesepapersprovideexcellentcriticalsurveysanddiscussionsofthefieldoflanguagetesting,Iplysummarizesomeofthemonthemesintheserevieaybeinterestedinknosofcurrent
6、interesttolanguagetesters.Thesearticlesarenontechnicalandaccessibletothoseselveslanguagetestingspecialists.Furthermore,Skehan(1991)andAlderson(1991)appearincollectionsofpapersfromrecentconfer-encesthatfocusoncurrentissuesinlanguagetesting.Thesecollectionsi
7、ncludeamanyperspectives,andthusconstitutemajorcontributionstotheliteratureonlanguagetesting.Thepurposeofthispaperistoaddressaquestionthatis,Ibelieve,implicitinalloftherevieentionedabove,soNormal>PART1:LANGUAGETESTINGINTHE1990sInechoingAlderson’s(1991)title
8、,Iacknoonal-itiesamongtherevieentionedaboveinthethemestheydiscussandtheissuestheyraise.soNormal>THEORETICALISSUESOneofthemajorpreoccupationsoflanguagetestersinthepastdecadehasbeeninvestigatingthenatureoflangu
