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1、DHCP,DNS,SNMPDebashisSahaMISGroup,IIMCalcuttads@iimcal.ac.in1FirstQuestionHowdoesyourcomputerknowwhichIPtouse?Howdoesyourcomputerknowthatwww.iimcal.ac.inisatIP202.54.116.3?Howcanyoutrackyournetwork’shealth?Thursday,May17,20072TheInternetandAddressingAllmachinesontheInte
2、rnetareaccessedviatheirIPaddressDottedquad:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxProblem:IPaddressesarehardtorememberandhardtostaticallyassignonlargenetworksSolution:NeedtocomeupwithawaytoautomaticallyassignIPaddressesandatextbasedrepresentationofmachineaddressesinsteadofjust4numbersThursday,
3、May17,20073AddressingSolutionsTwoprotocolshavebeendevelopedtosolvetheseproblemsDHCP–automaticnetworkconfiguration(includingIPaddress)DNS–translatestextualbasednamesintoIPaddressesandviceversaThursday,May17,20074DHCP–DynamicHostConfigurationProtocolThursday,May17,20075DH
4、CPAllowsclientmachinestoreceiveanIPaddress,DNSinformation,etcautomaticallyBeforeDHCPcameintouse,usershadtotypeinallthisinformationbyhand,whichisbad:EasytomistypesomethingwhenenteringbyhandManuallychangingnetworkconfigurationeverytimeyoumoveyourlaptopisapainBootpresolved
5、someoftheseissues…andDHCPstillusesthesameportasbootpThursday,May17,20076PurposeofDHCPFromRFC-2131(theInternetstandard):TheDynamicHostConfigurationProtocol(DHCP)providesaframeworkforpassingconfigurationinformationtohostsonaTCP/IPnetwork.DHCPconsistsoftwocomponents:aproto
6、colfordeliveringhost-specificconfigurationparametersfromaDHCPservertoahostandamechanismforallocationofnetworkaddressestohosts.Thursday,May17,20077DHCPfunctionalgoalsAhostwithoutavalidIPaddresslocatesandcommunicateswithaDHCPserverADHCPserverpassesconfigurationparameters,
7、includinganIPaddress,tothehostTheDHCPservermaydynamicallyallocateaddressestohostsandreuseaddressesHostscandetectwhentheyrequireanewIPaddressUnavailabilityofDHCPserverhasminimaleffectonoperationofhostsThursday,May17,20078DHCP:BasicsAclientleasesanIPaddressfromaDHCPserver
8、foragivenamountoftimeWhenleaseexpires,theclientmustaskDHCPserverforanewaddress(clientsattempttorenewleaseafter
