Topic and title

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1、I.Negotiatingatopic1.followingpersonalinterests(takingpossibilityandfeasibilityintoconsideration)2.talkingwithotherpeople(theirfeedbackmighthelpyoutodevelopanideaforapromisingresearchtopic)2.1instructors2.2peerstudents2.3friends3.brainstorming(forins

2、pirationorideasthatspontaneouslycomeintoyourmind)4.readingsourcematerial4.1encyclopedias4.2books(Thetableofcontentscanbeofgreathelpandcansaveyourtimetolocatetheinformationyouwant.)4.3periodicalindexes4.4internetresourcesII.thingstoavoidintopicselecti

3、on1.avoidatopicwhichistoobroad2.avoidatopicwhichistoonarrow3.avoidatopicwhichisinappropriatelytechnicalIII.Narrowingdowntheresearchtopic1.consideringtheaudience71.workingoutapreliminarythesis2.consideringtheavailablesourcematerialsIV.TitleIncludethet

4、opicofthestudyIncludethescopeofthestudyMakeiteasytounderstandwithoutreadingfirstIncludekeywordstocategorizeandfindinsearchesFollowstandardcapitalizationforyourfield(NOTALL)TitleTitle:thebrandofapaper;theabstractofanabstract1.generalfunctionsa.general

5、izingthetextb.attractingthereaderc.facilitatingtheretrieval(检索)2.linguisticfeaturesa.usingmorenouns,nounphrasesandgerundsb.usinganincompletesentence3.writingrequirementsa.bebriefandconcise(6-8words)b.bespecificc.avoidquestiontitlesd.beingunified7a.be

6、ingstandard4.标题的结构学术文章的标题主要有三种结构：名词性词组(包括动名词)，介词词组，名词词组+介词词组。间或也用一个疑问句作标题(多用在人文社会科学领域)，但一般不用陈述句或动词词组作标题。(1)名词性词组名词性词组由名词及其修饰语构成。名词的修饰语可以是形容词、介词短语，有时也可以是另一个名词。名词修饰名词时，往往可以缩短标题的长度。以下各标题分别由两个名词词组构成。例2a．SevereWeatherandtheAutomobile(名词词组)(名词词组)b．SoilBeha

7、viorandCriticalSoilMechanics(名词词组)(名词词组)c．HighSpeedFlowSensorandFluidPowerSystemsModelling(名词词组)(名词词组)d．TraditionalVersusAdultStudiesStudents:theCollege(名词词组)(名词词组)Experience(2)介词词组介词词组由介词十名词或名词词组构成。如果整个标题就是一个介词词组的话，一般这个介词是“on”，意思是“对……的研究”。例3a．OntheD

8、istributionofSoundinaCorridorb．OntheCrushingMechanismofThinWalledStructures(3)名词／名词词组+介词词组这是标题中用得最多的结构。例4a．FundamentalsofFlowMeasurement．(名词)(介词词组)b．ScatteredSoundandReverberationonGityStreetsandinTunnels(名词词组)(介词词组)c．DietarySupplementandBodyImageinF