钢结构和钢筋混凝土结构外文翻译

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1、毕业设计英文翻译设计题目：近期美国在钢结构和钢筋混凝土结构研究和设计方面的发展发任务书日期:年月日RecentResearchandDesignDevelopmentsinSteelandCompositeSteel-concreteStructuresinUSAThepaperwillconcludewithalooktowardthefutureofstructuralsteelresearch.1.ResearchonsteelbridgesTheAmericanAssociationofStateTransportationandHighwayOfficials(AA

2、STHO)istheauthoritythatpromulgatesdesignstandardsforbridgesintheUS.In1994ithasissuedanewdesignspecificationwhichisaLimitStatesDesignstandardthatisbasedontheprinciplesofreliabilitytheory.Agreatdealofworkwentintothedevelopmentofthiscodeinthepastdecade,especiallyoncalibrationandontheprobabilis

3、ticevaluationofthepreviousspecification.Thecodeisnowbeingimplementedinthedesignoffice,togetherwiththeintroductionoftheSystemeInternationaleunits.Manyquestionsremainopenaboutthenewmethodofdesign,andtherearemanynewprojectsthatdealwiththereliabilitystudiesofthebridgeasasystem.Onesuchcurrentpro

4、jectisastudytodevelopprobabilisticmodels,loadfactors,andrationalload-combinationrulesforthecombinedeffectsoflive-loadandwind;live-loadandearthquake;live-load,windandshipcollision;andshipcollision,wind,andscour.Therearealsomanyfieldmeasurementsofbridgebehavior,usingmoderntoolsofinspectionand

5、monitoringsuchasacousticemissiontechniquesandothermeansofnon-destructiveevaluation.Suchfieldworknecessitatesparallelstudiesinthelaboratory,andtheevolutionofevermoresophisticatedhigh-technologydatatransmissionmethods.Americahasanagingsteelbridgepopulationandmanyproblemsarisefromfatigueandcor

6、rosion.Fatiguestudiesonfull-scalecomponentsoftheWilliamsburgBridgeinNewYorkhaverecentlybeencompletedatLehighUniversity.AprobabilisticAASTHObridgeevaluationregulationhasbeenineffectsince1989,anditisemployedtoassessthefutureusefullifeofstructuresusingrationalmethodsthatincludefieldobservation

7、andmeasurementtogetherwithprobabilisticanalysis.Suchanactivityalsofostersadditionalresearchbecausemanyissuesarestillunresolved.Onesuchareaisthestudyoftheshakedownofshearconnectorsincompositebridges.ThisworkhasbeenrecentlycompletedattheUniversityofMissour