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1、10逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)(61)原因和结果表原因的词:because,since,as,for,becauseof表结果的词:so一、原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as,for引导。(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。此外,because和so不能同用在一个句子里。eg:------Whywereyoulateforschool?------BecauseIgotuplate.since引导原因状语从句,相当于nowtha
2、t,意思是“因为……,既然……,鉴于……”。eg:Sincetherainhasstopped,let’sgoforawalk.既然雨停了,我们出去散散步吧。as和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如:Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.(3)for表示所说的理由是一种补充说明,for引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。如: Idecidedtostopandhavelunch,
3、forIwasfeelingquitehungry.练习:Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.youcan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.________thebadweather,wemissedthetrain.二、结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。(2)在由so...tha
4、t引导的结果状语从句其结构是:“...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。Eg.Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.Lipingrunssofastthatwecan’tcatchupwithhim.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句其结构是:“...such+a/an+形容词+名词+that+从句”。eg:Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceilin
5、g.(天花板)有时so…that和such...that可以互换。Eg:Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Itwassowonderfulafilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。eg:Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethatheca
6、n’tgotothecinemawithyou.(4)如果主从句的主语相同,并且从句是否定的形式,可以用too...to...句型转化。eg:Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn'tgotosleepthatnight.=Hewastooexcitedtogotosleep.(5)如果主从句的主语相同,但从句是肯定的形式,可以用adj.+enough替换。eg:Heissooldthathecouldgotoschool.=Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他够大了,可以去上学。3练习:Itis__
7、_hotintheroom___wehavetogooutforawalk.Itwasawonderfulmovieallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Therewerelittlewaterinthebottlethebirdcouldn’treachit.三、目的状语从句表目的的词组:sothat,inorderthat,inorderto,to(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat(为了,以便)引导。eg:Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttr
8、ain.Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.(2)sothat可引导目的状语从句,此时可用to或inorderto替换,将其改为简单句。eg:Hegotupearlysothathe