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1、宾语从句的用法一、定义:宾语从句就是一个句子的宾语部分是由另一个句子来充当。宾语从句需要用引导词来引导。学好宾语从句,必须过“三关”。即引导词关、语序关、时态关。二、引导词关:引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类,即:1)若宾语从句为陈述语气,则用that引导。That在从句中不充当任何成分,也无实义,只是起到连接的作用。通常在say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后加that,引导宾语从句。连词that在口语中常被省略。如:Hesaidthathewasastudent.Ithoughtthathewaswrong.☆
2、注意:A)引导宾语从句的that常可以省略,但下列情况下不能省略。(1)and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句,除第一个从句中的that以外,后面从句中的that不能省略。如:Iknow(that)heisagoodstudentandthathelikesbasketball.(2)、that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。如:Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(3)、主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。如:Wedecided,consideringhisage,thatwewouldnotle
3、thimdothejob.B)若宾语后面有宾语补语,则宾语从句要放到补语之后,在宾补前用形式宾语it.常常这样用的动词有find,feel,consider,make,believe等。如:Hedoesn’twantittobeknownthatheisgoingaway.Iconsideritnecessarythatheshoulddoitagain.C)宾语从句的否定转移。当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等表示主观看法或认识的动词,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定
4、词一般要转移到主句上来。其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.如:Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.(而不能说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.)Idon’tbelievethatheisagoodstudent,ishe?我认为他不是个好学生,不是吗? Idon’tthinkyouareright.Idon’tbelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirwork.比较:shebelievesthatIamnotagoodstudent.2)表示一般疑问语气,含有“是否,能否”的意思。由从属连词whether和if引导,二者
5、通常可以互换。如:Idon'tknowwhether/ifIshouldgotothepartytomorrow.注意:在以下情况中,只能用whether。A)在动词不定式之前只能用whether如:Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.B)在whether……ornot的固定搭配中,只能用whether。如:Iwanttoknowwhethersheisastudentornot.C)在介词后,只能用whether。如:Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhehaslosthiswork.1)表示特殊疑问语气由特殊疑问词引导。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词
6、和疑问副词。A)疑问代词包括what,who,whom,which,whose,whoever,whatever,whichever等.。如:Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Idon'tknowwhattheywant.Johntoldmewhichgirlhelikedmost..Iwanttoknowwhosefatherthatoldmanis.Iwillgiveyouwhateveryouwant.Youcanmeetwhoeveryouwanttosee.Youcanchoosewhicheveryoulike.B)疑问副词包括when,
7、where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等。如:Couldyoutellmehowwecangettothestation?Hetoldmewhenweshouldgototheairport.Itoldhimwhereheshouldgo.Idon'tknowwhyheissoangry.Youcancomewheneveryouarefree.Youcangowhereveryoulike.