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《000 a discourse on literature《典论·论文》》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ADiscourseonLiterature文人相輕，自古而然。傅毅之于班固，伯仲之閑耳，而固小之，與弟超書曰：“武仲以能屬文，為蘭台令史，下筆不能自休。”Literarymendisparageoneanother–it’salwaysbeenthatway.TherelationbetweenFuYiandBanGuwasnothinglessthantherelationofayoungerbrothertoanelderbrother.YetBanGubelittledhim,writinginalettertohiselderbrotherBanChao:“Wu-z
2、hong(FuYi)becameImperialLibrarianthroughhisfacilityincomposition:wheneverheusedhiswritingbrush,hecouldn’tstophimself.Peoplearegoodatmakingthemselvesknown;butsinceliteratureisnotofoneformalone,fewcanbegoodateverything.Thuseachpersondisparagesthatinwhichheisweakbythecriterionofthosethingsinwh
3、ichheisstrong.Thereisavillagesaying:“Theworn-outbroomthatbelongstomyownhouseholdisworthathousandingold.”Suchistheillconsequenceofalackofself-awareness.夫人善於自見，而文非一體，鮮能備善。是以各以所長，相輕所短。裡語曰：“家有弊帚，享之千金。”斯不自見之患也。今之文人，魯國孔融文舉，廣陵陳琳孔璋，山陽王粲仲宣，北海徐幹偉長，陳留阮瑀元瑜，汝南應瑒德璉，東平劉楨公幹：斯七子者，於學無所遺，於辭無所假，鹹以自騁驥騄於千里，仰齊足而並
4、馳。以此相服，亦良難矣。TheliterarymenofthisdayareKongRong,calledWenju，ofthestateofLu;ChenLin,calledKongzhang,ofGuang-ling;WangCan,calledZhongxuan,ofShanyang;XuGan,calledWeichang,ofBeihai;RuanYu,calledYuanyu,ofChenliu;YingChang,calledDelian,ofRunan;andLiuZhen,calledGonggan,ofDongping.Thesesevenmastersh
5、aveomittednothingintheirlearning,havenoborrowedcolorsintheirdiction.Yettheyhavefounditmostdifficulttoallgalloptogetherathousandleagues,sidebysidewithequalpaceontheirmightysteeds,andthustopayoneanotherduerespect.蓋君子審己以度人，故能免於斯累而作論文。Asuperiorpersonexamineshimselftomeasureothers;andthusheisabl
6、etoavoidsuchentanglements[e.g.,envyandblindnesstotheworthofothers].ThusIhavewrittenadiscourseonliterature.王粲長於辭賦，徐幹時有奇氣，然粲之匹也。如粲之《初征》《登樓》《槐賦》《征思》，幹之《玄猿》《漏巵》《圓扇》《橘賦》，雖張、蔡不過也。然于他文未能稱是。琳、瑀之章表書記，今之雋也。WangCanexcelsinpoeticexpositions(fu);eventhoughXuGanattimesshowslanguidqi,stillheisWangCan’smat
7、ch.EvenZhangHengandCaiYungdonotsurpassworkslikeWangCan’s“BeginningoftheJourney”,“ClimbingaTower”,“TheLocustTree”,or“ThoughtsonTravel";orworkslikeXuGan’s“TheBlackGibbon”,“TheSyphon”,“TheCircularFan”,or“TheOrangeTree”.Yettheirotherwritingsarenomatchforthes
