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1、一ColonialAmerica 1.ThefirstEnglishcolony:JamestowninVirginiain1607 2Puritanism:InfluenceonAmericanvaluesystem:simplicity,freedom,independence,hardwork,etc. 3AnneBradstreet，oncecalled“TenthMuse” 二ReasonandRevolution 1.BenjaminFranklin---PoorRichard’sAlmanac
2、 Modeledonfarmers’annualcalendar;keptpublishingformanyyears; includesmanyclassicalsayings, 2.ThomasPaine CommonSense:astrongpushfortheRevolutionWarfourparts(Britishenslavementofthecolonies;praisingdemocraticelection;America’seconomicandmilitarypotentialtopr
3、otecttherightsofpeople) 三Romanticism Anexpressionofanindividual’sfeelingandexperiences;imagination&nature ThefirstliteraryRenaissance,inthehistoryofAmericanliterature.Itstretchesfromtheendofthe18thcenturythroughtheoutbreakoftheCivilWar.Itstartedwiththepublica
4、tionofWashingtonIrving’sTheSketchBookandendedwithWhitman’sLeavesofGrass. 1.WashingtonIrving(1783-1859) (1)Literarystatus:thefirstAmericantoearnaninternationalreputation;FatheroftheAmericanshortstories (2)Towshortstories----“RipVanWinkle”and“TheLegendofSleepy
5、Hollow”:AmericanizedversionsofEuropeanfolktales,fromGermanlegends,butachievingadistinctAmericantoneandtheme (3)TheSketchBook:ThefirstmodernshortstoriesandthefirstgreatAmericanjuvenileliterature,winninghiminternationalpopularity 2.JamesFenimoreCooperthefirstma
6、jorAmericanwritertodealimaginativelywithAmericanlife,acriticofthepolitical,socialandreligiousproblemsoftheday. LeatherstockingTales Including:ThePioneers,TheLastoftheMohicans,ThePrairie,ThePathfinder,TheDeerslayer CentreCharacter:NattyBumppo(anidealromanticall
7、y;variousnames:Leatherstocking,Deerslayer,Pathfinder,Hawkeye;withtwonobleredmen:MohicanChiefChingachgookandhisson,Uncas) 3.WilliamCullenBryant Literarystatus:oneofAmerica’searliestnaturalistpoets;“theAmericanWordsworth” mostfamouspoems:“Thanatopsis”;“ToaWa
8、terfowl” 4.EdgarAllenPoe TheRaven:Thepoemisaverse-narrativeandhas108linesin18stanzas. Transcendentalism Nature’svoicepushedAmericanRomanticismintoanewphase,thephaseofNewEn
