主动语态与被动语态

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1、主动语态和被动语态一．英语动词有两种语态：即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：1.很多人讲英语。ManypeoplespeakEnglish.（主动语态）主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)主语谓语宾语2．昨天我种了水稻。Igrowriceyesterday.（主）Ricewasgrownbymeyesterday.（被）二．被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词（V.pp）”，助动词be有人称和时态的变化。1、一般现在时（am/is

2、/are+V.pp）:Theworkisfinished.工作完成了。2、一般过去时（was/were+V.pp）:Theworkwasfinished.工作完成了。3、含有情态动词（情态动词+be+V.pp），即：can/may/must/should/would/could+be+V.ppThebooksmaybekeptfortwoweeks.这些书可以被借两周。Fishcanbefoundeverywhereinthesea.在海里到处都能找到鱼。4、一般将来时：will+be+V.pp或am/is/aregoingtobe+V.pp5

3、、现在进行时：am/is/are+being+V.pp6、含有不定式的被动语态：tobe+V.pp三．注意事项：1、短语动词的被动语态。短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，往往不可遗忘后面的介词或副词。如：Peopleoftenlaughattheoldwoman.-------Theoldwomanisoftenlaughedat(bypeople).LiLeiturnedontheradio.-------TheradiowasturnedonbyLiLei.1、省to的不定式作宾补的动词变被动语态：（let/make/hear/see/watc

4、h/find/feel/smell/help+sb.dosth.）这些动词变为被动语态后，后面的不定式须补出to.Wesawtheboytakeawaythebook.------Theboywasseentotakeawaythebook.Wemustmakeeverybodyknowthat.-----Everybodymustbemadetoknowthat.3、接双宾语的动词变被动语态（pass,show,give,buy,ask,get,make）可有两种变法：如：YougivePollycleanwatereveryday.间宾直宾

5、Pollyisgivencleanwatereveryday.或：CleanwaterisgiventoPollyeveryday.1、有些及物动词，用主动形式表被动意味：Thebooksellswell.Thekeylockseasily.Thiskindofpaperfeelsverysoft.。Thesongsoundsbeautiful.Thewatchlooksverynice.5.不及物动词没有被动语态：如happen,takeplace,die,begin,work等。被动语态专题练习一。将下列句子改为被动语态(1)Mymothe

6、rmadeabirthdaycakeinthemorning.(2)Youshouldfinishhomeworkbeforeyouplay.(3)UncleWangdidn’tmendtheTVset.(4)Theymustsendfor(派人去请)adoctor.(5)Eachofuslikesthissong.(6)Someonehearshimsinginthenextroom.(7)Mybrothermademedothisandthat.(8)Isawthemgoout.(9)Theygavemeanapple.二、选择填空()1.

7、Halfofthework____beforesix.A.willdoB.canbedoneC.weredone()2.____thechickenfarm____bythestudent?A.was,visitedB.is,visitC.must,visit()3.Thewoman______bypeopleinthewaitingroom.A.waslaughedB.waslaughedatC.laughedat()4.______thetable______away?A.can,takeB.must,betakenC.is,take()5

8、.What_____there?A.happenedB.ishappenC.mustbehapped()6.Wheretogoforthevacati