断裂力学——1绪论

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1、ShanghaiUniversity断裂力学FractureMechanics郭战胜我的联系方式E-mail：davidzsguo@shu.edu.cn办公地点：延长校区力学所317室断裂力学第一讲我的希望希望大家喜欢希望大家参与——勇于回答问题勇于提出问题勇于参与讨论希望大家能够有所收获——收获一点新意断裂力学第一讲课堂讲授课堂讨论课外学习研究课外个别学习指导与互动断裂力学第一讲考试、考核方法1.期末考试：考试内容——课外作业考试方式——笔试，闭卷成绩认定——70分。课外作业：成绩认定——20分3.平时分：1)课堂表现：5分；2)出勤：5分。断裂力学第一讲解

2、决问题的四个步骤问题陈述-StatetheProblem计划求解（数学化、模型化)-PlantheSolution求解-CarryOuttheSolution结果判断、评价-ReviewtheSolution1.)Developbasicfundamentalunderstandingoftheeffectsofcrack-likedefectsontheperformanceofaerospace,civil,andmechanicalengineeringstructures.2.)Learntoselectappropriatematerialsfore

3、ngineeringstructurestoinsuredamagetolerance.3.)Learntoemploymodernnumericalmethodstodeterminecriticalcracksizesandfatiguecrackpropagationratesinengineeringstructures.4.)Gainanappreciationofthestatusofacademicresearchinfieldoffracturemechanics.CourseObjectives教材及参考书目程靳，赵树刚编.断裂力学.北京：科

4、学出版社，2006王铎，杜善义编.断裂力学.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1989范天佑.断裂理论基础.北京：科学出版社，2003王自强，陈少华.高等断裂力学.北京：科学出版社，2009杨卫.宏微观断裂力学.北京：国防工业出版社，1995断裂力学第一讲绪论结构失效的类型TypesofstructuralfailureHistoryoffracturemechanicsIntheearlydaysofWorldWarII.theUnitedStateswassupplyingshipsandplanestoGreatBritainundertheLend-Lea

5、seAct.Britain'sgreatestneedatthetimewasforcargoshipstocarrysupplies.TheGermanNavywassinkingcargoshipsatthreetimestheratealwhichtheycouldbereplacedwithexistingship-buildingprocedures.LibertyshipsArthurM.HuddelloneofthelastWorldWarIILibertyshipsUndertheguidanceofHenryKaiser,afamouscon

6、structionengineerwhosepreviousprojectsincludedtheHooverDam,theUnitedStatesdevelopedarevolutionaryprocedureforfabricatingshipsquickly.Thesenewvessels,whichbecameknownastheLibertyships,hadanall-weldedhull,asopposedtotherivetedconstructionoftraditionalshipdesigns.TheLibertyshipprogramw

7、asaresoundingsuccess,untilonedayin1943,whenoneofthevesselsbrokecompletelyintwowhilesailingbetweenSiberiaandAlaska.SubsequentfracturesoccurredinotherLibertyships.Oftheroughly2700libertyshipsbuildduringWorldWarII,approximately400sustainedfractures,ofwhich90wereconsideredserious.In20sh

8、ipsthefailurewasess