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1、ColorectalCancerWhatisit?ItisthethirdmostfrequentlydiagnosedcancerinmenandwomenandthesecondhighestcauseofcancerdeathsintheU.S.Yet,whenfoundearly,itishighlycurable.Thistypeofcanceroccurswhenabnormalcellsgrowintheliningofthelargeintestine(colon)orrectum.Learnmoreaboutwhogetscolorectalcancer,howiti
2、sdetected,andwhatthelatesttreatmentscanaccomplish.Howitstarts?Itoftenbeginaspolyps–benigngrowthsonthesurfaceofthecolon.Thetwomostcommontypesofintestinalpolypsareadenomasandhyperplasicpolyps.Theydevelopwhenthereareerrorsinthewaycellsgrowandrepairtheliningofthecolon.Mostpolypsremainbenign,butsomeh
3、avethepotentialtoturncancerous.Removingthemearlypreventscolorectalcancer.RiskFactorsYouCan'tControlgenetics&lifestyle.Age–mostpatientsareolderthan50PolypsorinflammatoryboweldiseaseFamilyhistoryofcolorectalcancerHistoryofovarianorbreastcancerRiskFactorsYouCanControlDiethighinred,processed,orheavi
4、lycookedmeatsBeingoverweight(excessfataroundthewaist)ExercisingtoolittleSmokingordrinkingalcoholItswarningSignsThereareusuallynoearlywarningsignsforcolorectalcancer.Forthisreasonit'simportanttogetscreened.Detectingcancerearlymeansit'smorecurable.Asthediseaseprogresses,patientsmaynoticebloodinthe
5、stool,abdominalpain,achangeinbowelhabits(suchasconstipationordiarrhea),unexplainedweightloss,orfatigue.Bythetimethesesymptomsappear,tumorstendtobelargerandmoredifficulttotreat.ScreeningBecausecolorectalcancerisstealthy,screeningsarethekeytoearlydetection.Beginningatage50,mostpeopleshouldhaveacol
6、onoscopyevery10years.Thisprocedureusesatinycameratoexaminetheentirecolonandrectum.Thesetestsnotonlyfindtumorsearly,butcanactuallypreventcolorectalcancerbyremovingpolyps(shownhere).VirtualColonoscopyThereisnowanalternativetocolonoscopythatusesCTscanimagestoconstructa3-Dmodelofyourcolon.Calledvirt
7、ualcolonoscopy,theprocedurecanrevealpolypsorotherabnormalitieswithoutactuallyinsertingacamerainsideyourbody.Themaindisadvantageisthatifpolypsarefound,arealcolonoscopywillstillbeneededtoremoveandevaluatethem.X-RaysoftheColon(
