医学ppt课件病理生理学

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1、病理生理学Pathophysiology山东大学医学院病理生理学教研室IntroductionPathophysiology:Theologyistostudythemechanismsoftheoccurrence,developmentandoutcomeofthediseasesPathologicalanatomyPathologyPathophysiologyThealterationfunctionPathophysiologyinprocessofmetabolismdiseasestructurePathologicalanatomyforexampl

2、e:bronchialalveolaredemastructurecongestionlobarpneumoniafunctionhypoventilation,metabolismdiffusionimpairmenthypoxia,acidosis,shockThetask,positionandcontentofpathophysiologyThemethodsofinvestigationThehistoryIntroductionofdiseaseⅠ.conceptofdiseasecausesdisturbancesabnormalconditionsof

3、homeostasislifeprocessⅡ.causesandconditionsofdiseasecause(etiology):condition:inducingfactor(precipitatingfactor):forexamplepneumococcalpneumoniacause(etiology):pneumococcuscondition:cold,tiredpulmonarytuberculosiscause:tubercularbacilluscondition:worry,malnutritionⅢ.pathogenesisofdisea

4、seItstudieshowtheetiologycancausethediseaseinthebody.1.Thegeneralruleofpathogenesisindisease①damageandanti-damagedamage:defenceanti-damageadaptationcompensationforexample:foodpoisoningtoxinvomiting,diarrhea(damage)(anti-damage)trauma:Thedualnatureofresponseofanti-damage:②reverseofcause-

5、resultreversecauseresultcauseresultforexample:foodtoxicationdiarrheadehydrationlowbloodvolumeacidosisshock③partandwhole2.Thebasicpathogenesis①nervousmechanisminjuryofnervoussystemcausediseasedisturbanceofthefunctioninjury:epidemicmeningitis,cephalitis,poliomyelitisfunctionalhypertension

6、,disturbance:hepaticencephalopathy②humoralmechanismpathogenicalterationofthevolumeandagentactivityofhumoralfactorsdisturbanceofthehomeostasisdiseasehormonehumoralgeneralhumoralfactorfactorlocalhumoralfactorcellularfactortheactingendocrineparacrinemannerofhumoralfactor:autocrine③cellular

7、mechanismcausedamageofcellsdiseasemitochondriacauselysosomeforexample:injuryofcellmembranecellularedemafreeinjuryofmitochondriaATPradicalinjuryoflysosomeautolysis④Molecularmechanismcauseeffectofthenucleicacid,proteinandenzymedisease图2图3图1正常大鼠主动脉内皮细胞铺片ET阴性×400图2高脂血症大鼠主动脉内皮细胞铺片ET