中美医改之比较

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1、TheHealthCareReformPathsofUSandChinaThreeMainPartsinHealthCareProvidersDoctorsHospitalsLaboratoriesPharmacies（药店）PharmaceuticalCompanies(制药商)Homecareandotherspecialtycare（家庭保健和其他专业保健）WhatDoProvidersDo?PayersGovernment:MedicareandstateMedicaidprograms（政府：医疗保险制度和州级公共医疗补助项目)Heal

2、thinsuranceprograms/HealthMaintenanceOrganizations(HMO).(医疗保险项目及卫生维护组织)oIndemnityPlans(feeforservice)补偿计划（服务费用）oPreferredProviderOrganizations(PPO)（优先选择医疗服务提供者组织（PPO）oStaffmodelHMOs(拥有医院和受薪医师的卫生维护组织）oEmployersponsoredprograms（雇主资助项目）PatientsWhatDoPayersDo?Then,whatshouldpeopl

3、e/patientsdo?Insured:choosehealthinsuranceprogramsUninsured:seekemergencycareorMedicaid（医疗补助）WhatisaReform?Re-alignmentofstakeholdersandtheirbenefits（利益持有者和利益的重新分割）Agoodreformmakesstakeholders’interestsmatchpeoples’interests（好的改革使利益持有者的利益与人民的利益吻合）China’sreformeffortmusthave“bu

4、ilt-in”anti-corruptioncomponent（中国医疗改革须纳入反腐败部分）Thereasons:Afterprivatization（私营）,theprovidersmustcompeteforpayerbusiness.Thepayersmustcompeteforpatientbusiness.Competitionsonbothpriceandquality.Medicare(医疗保险)&Medicaid（医疗补助）ThroughMedicareandMedicaid,thefederalgovernmenthasbeco

5、methelargestpayer.Ariseinthenumberofbenefitedpeople.Medicarespendingwillbemorethandoubleinthenextdecade.ThedifferencesbetweenHealthInsurance(医疗保险)andNationalHealthPlan(全民医保)Healthinsurancecompaniesareprivatebusiness,theyusuallyprovidebusinessontheirownbehalf.NationalHeathPlani

6、sanentitlement(权益性)program,notsubjecttoaboveconcerns,soitneedslowercosttoimple.Obama'stimelineofhealthcarereform2010—2014Peopleunder26canbecoveredbyparents.Nopre-existingconditionorhealthstatusforpeople.Lifetime/annuallimitsremoved.Nopolicycancellationafterapersongetsill.Citiz

7、enspayfinefornoinsurance.Employerspayfinefornotofferinghealthinsurance.China’sHealthReformEffortsCurrentStatusinChina●Lowlevelofcoverage●Constrainedbyproviders●RunawaycostChina’sHealthReformEfforts●Chinawidenedmedicalinsurancecoverageandincreasedthegovernmentallowanceandreimbu

8、rsementratio.●Medicinepricesdropped30percentonaverageacrossth