unit 4 inventions and inventors

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1、Unit4InventionsandInventors　　Unit4InventionsandInventors　　【本讲教育信息】　　一.教学内容：　　Book15Unit4(I)　　学会用动词的被动语态描述物体的使用方法，构成成份和功能作用。　　二.教学重点：　　1.动词一般现在时被动语态。　　2.动词一般过去时被动语态。　　3.动词一般将来时被动语态。　　4.情态动词的被动语态　　5.重点词汇　　三.具体内容：　　（一）被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动词的承受者，也就是动作的对象。一般

2、说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。　　被动语态的用法：　　1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者时，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，　　e.g.PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromChina.　　Anewbridgewillbebuiltherenextyear.　　2）当我们关心动作的承受者但也关心动作的执行者时，用by加动作的执行者。　　e.g.Thetownwasdestroyedbyanearthquake.　　英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去

3、分词构成。[来源:Zxxk.Com]　　时态举例：　　1.一般现在时：　　Footballisplayedallovertheworld.　　EnglishisspokeninBritain,theUSandsomeothercountries.　　Roger,youarewantedonthephone.　　2.一般过去时：　　TheGreatHallofthePeoplewasbuiltin1959.　　Hislegwasbrokeninanaccident.　　TheInternationalwaswr

4、ittenin1871byEugenePotter,theFrenchworker-poet.　　3.一般将来时:　　Moreschoolswillbebuiltinmyhometown.　　Hewillbetakentohospitaltomorrow.　　4.情态动词的被动语态　　Themeatshouldbekeptinafridge.　　Ricecanbeboiledorsteamed.　　Thismaterialmustbehandledcarefully.　　Text:　　Thefirstpape

5、rwas(make)inChinain105ADbyamancalledCaiLun.Theoldestpiecesofpaperstillexistedweremadeinabout150AD.Forover500yearstheartofmakingpaperwas(limit)toChina.In610,papermakingwas(introduce)intoJapan,andthenintoCentralAsiainabouttheyear750.Papermadeitsfirstappearanc

6、einEgyptinabout800butitwasnot(produce)thereuntiltheyear900.　　Kites(know)inChinaabout3,000yearsago.Theywereusedinbattlestotransportsuppliestosoldierswhowereindanger.　　Wheelbarrows(invent)intheHandynasty.Theywereusedbybuilderstocarryheavysupplies.Inabattle,wh

7、eelbarrowswereusedtocarryinjuredordeadsoldiers.　　Gunpowder(discover)bytheChinesewhouseditformakingfireworkshundredsofyearsago.ItwasprobablyintroducedintoEuropefromtheMiddleEast.　　Umbrellas(invent)bytheChinese.Theyweremadefromoiledpaperandbamboo.RedandYellow

8、umbrellas(use)byhigherclass,andblueumbrellaswereusedbythecommonpeople.　　Soccer(develop)inEnglandinthe12thcentury.Buthundredsofyearsbeforethis-around200BC-asimilargame(play)atthebeginningoftheHandynasty