（散光眼）课件

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1、Chapter8WaveOptics(1)(May11,2005)AbriefsummarytothelastlectureThestructureoftheeye2.Visionofthehumaneyevisionofthehumaneyefrom0.1~1.5istheviewingangleandinunitofminute.3.Correctiveeyeglassesforvisualdefects(1)Myopia(nearsighted);(2)Hyperopiceye(farsighted);(3)Astigm

2、aticeye(散光眼)4.Opticalinstrumentsusedinmedicine(1)Magnifyingglass(2)Compoundmicroscope(3)FibrescopeWaveoptics(part1)Thecorpuscular(微粒)theoryoflight(Untilthemiddleof17thcentury,Newton(1642-1727)supported).Rayopticscanexplainmanyofthepropertiesoflight,butthereexistmanyo

3、therinterestingandbeautifuleffectsthatcannotbeexplainedbythegeometricoptics.Forexample,Experimentsshowthatlightbendsaroundcorners.Thewavetheoryoflight(Huygens(1629-95))InterferenceeffectsoflightwerefirstobservedbyThomasYongin1800.8.1Interference(干涉)oflightInterferenc

4、eofwavemotion,Whatisthephenomenon?Twocoherentwavesshouldbesatisfiedwiththethreeconditions:whatarethey?(1)thesamefrequency(2)thesamevibrationaldirection(3)thesameinitialphaseorconstantphasechange.AchartofelectromagneticspectrumVisiblelight(veryapproximately):400~450nm

5、Violet450~500nmBlue500~550nmGreen550~600nmYellow600~650nmOrange650~700nmRed8.1.1Opticallength(opticallength,distance,path)InChapter4,welearnedthatthephasedifferenceoftwowavesareexpressedasLightisalsoapartofelectromagneticwaves.Thelightinterferencefollowstheruleofwave

6、interferenceasyouknowinYong’sdouble-slitexperiment.Itisknownthatlighttravelsatadifferentspeedindifferentmedium.Thespeedoflightinamediumdependsontherefractiveindexofthemedium.Fromthedefinitionoftherefractiveindex,weobtainFromthedefinitionofwavelength,whichistheperiodo

7、fthewavemultiplyingthespeedofthewave,wehaveWhere0iswavelengthoflightinfreespace.Sothewavelengthoflightbecomesshorterinmedium.Lightpathlengthisnotthegeometricallengthofthelighttravelanditisdefinedastheproductofrefractiveindexandthegeometricaldistancethelighttravels.L

8、et’shavealookatthelightpathlengthatthesameperiodtwhenittravelsintwodifferentmedium.Wechoosemediumoneisfreespaceandmediumtwowithrefr