英国文学复习名解

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1、EnglishLiterature•4.启蒙时期文学/LiteratureEnlightenmentperiod（17世纪后期—18世纪中期）•5.浪漫主义时期文学/Romanticliteratureperiod（1798-1832）•6.现实主义时期文学/Realismperiod（19世纪30年代-1918）•7.现代主义文学时期/ModernLiteratureperiod（1918-1945）•8.当代文学/ContemporaryLiterature（1945—今）Thepublicmovement:theEnlightenment

2、(启蒙运动)（注意：名词解释）Theeighteenth-centuryEnglandisalsoknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason/.TheEnlightenmentMovementwasaprogressivemovementwhichflourishedinFranceandsweptthroughthewholeWesternEuropeatthetime•TheEnlightenmentwasanexpressionofstruggleoftheprogressiveclassof

3、bourgeoisieagainstfeudalism.Themovementwasafurtherance促进oftheRenaissanceofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturies.Itspurposewastoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodernphilosophicalandartisticideas.•Theenlightenersfoughtagainstclassinequality,stagnation,prejudicesandothersurviv

4、alsoffeudalism.•Theenlightenerscelebratedreasonorrationality,equalityandscience.Theyheldthatrationalityorreasonshouldbetheonly,thefinalcauseofanyhumanthoughtandactivities.Theycalledforareferencetoorder,reasonandrules•Theybelievedthatwhenreasonservedastheyardstick标准forthemeas

5、urementofallhumanactivitiesandrelations,everysuperstition,injusticeandoppressionwastoyieldplaceto"eternaltruth",eternaljustice"and"naturalequality".•Theenlightenersadvocateduniversaleducation.Theybelievedthathumanbeingswerelimited,dualistic 二元的,imperfect,andyetcapableofratio

6、nalityandperfectionthrougheducation.•1)TheFeaturesofEnglishEnlightenment•(1)Englishenlightenersbelievedinthepowerofreason.Thatiswhythe18thcenturyhasoftenbeencalled“theageofreason”or“thekingdomofreason”.•(2)Mostoftheenlightenersbelievedthatsocialproblemscouldbesolvedbyhumanin

7、telligence.•(3)EnglishEnlightenersofthe18thcenturycriticizeddifferentaspectsofcontemporaryEngland,discussedsociallifeaccordingtoamorereasonableprinciple.•(4)TheliteratureoftheEnlightenmentinEnglandmainlyappealedtothemiddleclassreadersthegreatenlighteners•Famousamongthegreate

8、nlightenersinEnglandwerethosegreatwritersare:•AlexanderPope•JosephAddison•S