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1、急进驻高原官兵胃肠应激反应患病率及饮食因素调查【摘要】目的:了解急进驻高原官兵的胃肠应激反应的患病率和饮食危险因素,为制定饮食干预措施提供科学依据.方法:整群随机抽样抽取4d内从海拔1300m急进驻到海拔4500m的某野战部队官兵408人,采用问卷法,进行胃肠应激反应的患病率和饮食相关因素调查,应用非条件Logistic回归进行单因素和多因素分析.结果:高原胃肠反应患病率为22.81%,其中恶心呕吐者26.03%,腹胀者15.07%,便秘者8.22%,腹痛者13.70%,腹泻者23.29%,厌食者13.70%.疲乏、失眠、紧张、情绪差的
2、官兵患病率较高.单因素Logistic回归分析表明进餐不规律(OR=2.648),某顿饭不吃(OR=1.82),暴饮暴食(OR=1.667),挑食(OR=1.727),厌食面条(OR=1.969)为危险因素.多因素Logistic回归分析表明进餐不规律(OR=2.129),挑食(OR=1.886)为危险因素.结论:精神状态和饮食因素在高原胃肠应激反应的发生和发展中起着一定作用.【关键词】胃肠反应;应激;高海拔;患病率;心理压力;饮食因素;流行病学研究 【Abstract】AIM:Toinvestigatetheprevalencera
3、teandthefoodrelatedriskfactorsforgastrointestinalstressreactioninmilitaryofficersandsoldiersfleetlycomingintohighaltitudeareas.METHODS:Byaclusterrandomsamplingmethod,officersandsoldiersofafieldarmyataltitudesfrom1300mto4500mwithin4dwereselectedforquestionnaireinvestigat
4、iononincidencerateandfoodrelatedfactorsresponsibleforgastrointestinalstressreaction.Unconditionallogisticregressionwasusedforunivariateandmultivariateanalysis.RESULTS:Theprevalencerateofgastrointestinalstressreactionathighaltitudewas22.81%,andcorrespondingproportionsofn
5、ausea,flatulence,constipation,bellyache,diarrhea,anorexiawere26.03%,15.07%,8.22%,13.70%,23.29%,13.70%,respectively.Suffererfromfatigue,insomnia,strainandmelancholymoodwerecommonwithhigherincidenceofgastrointestinaldisordersathighaltitudeareas.Univariatelogisticregression
6、analysisindicatedthatfoodriskfactorsincludedirregularmeal(OR=2.648),lackofameal(OR=1.820),excessiveeatingordrinking(OR=1.667),pickyeating(OR=1.727)anddislikingnoodles(OR=1.969).Multivariatelogisticanalysisrevealedthatfoodriskfactorsinvolvedirregularmeal(OR=2.129)andpicky
7、eating(OR=1.886).CONCLUSION:Mentalpressureandfoodrelatedriskfactorsmayinduce,evenaggravategastrointestinalstressreactionathighaltitudeareas.4 【Keywords】gastrointestinalreaction;stress;altitude;prevalence;mentalpressure;foodfactor;epidemiologicstudies 0引言 近年来,高原成为人类最具
8、挑战性的环境之一,高山旅游、科学考察、探险和登山活动日趋活跃,同时还由于国防建设的需要,每年到青藏高原的人数超过500万[1].平原人快速进驻海拔3000m以上的高原地区后,还有急性高原胃肠反应[2-3].