m医学英语疾病介绍——breast_cancer(乳腺癌)

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1、BreastCancer乳腺癌"PinkRibbon"hasbeenastheworldrecognizedidentificationBreastcancerpreventionactivities,publicityfor"earlyprevention,earlydetection,earlytreatment"thisinformation.“粉红丝带”作为全球乳腺癌防治活动的公认标识，用于宣传“及早预防，及早发现，及早治疗”.ThePinkRibbonBreastCancerToday—InChinaChinaisoneofthecountrieswithloweri

2、ncidenceofbreastcancer(中国是乳腺癌低发病率的国家之一),Butinrecentyears,theincidenceincreasedsignificantly(但近年来发病率出现了引人注目的增长),Anannual(每年的)increaseof3%to4%,Morethan1to2%oftheworldlevel,Theincidencerateisoneofthewomenmostsusceptibletotumor(发病率为女性易患肿瘤第一位).Theincidenceofbreastcancerfromage40to60yearsgenerally

3、,Butchinesepatientswithearlyageofonset,The45-year-oldisthemaximumageofsickness.(乳腺癌的好发年龄为40~60岁，但我国患者发病年龄提前，45岁为发病最高峰)Hormonalinfluence(激素影响):Longdurationofreproductivelife(育龄的长时间持续)Nulliparity([,nʌli‘pærəti]未产妇)Lateageatfirstchild(老龄生育)Functioningovarian([əʊˈveəri:ən])tumor(卵巢肿瘤影响)Fibrocyst

4、icdisease(乳腺纤维囊性病)Radiationexposure(射线照射)Obesity(肥胖)Geneticpredisposition遗传倾向)CausesAndRiskFactors—OutlineThemostobviousriskfactorforbreastcancerisbeingawoman.Mengetthedisease,too,butitisabout100timesmorecommoninwomen.Othertopriskfactorsincludebeingoverage55orhavingacloserelative(有亲缘关系)whoha

5、shadthedisease.Butkeepinmindthatupto80%ofwomenwithbreastcancerhavenofamilyhistoryoftheillness(80%的乳腺癌患者并无家族病史).CausesAndRiskFactors—BreastCancer:WhyMe?Beingoverweight(过度肥胖),gettingtoolittleexercise(极少锻炼),anddrinkingmorethanonealcoholicbeverageperday(每天喝超过一定量的含酒精饮料)canraisetheriskofdeveloping

6、breastcancer.Birthcontrolpills(避孕药)andsomeformsofpostmenopausal([pəʊst,menəʊ‘pɔzəl])hormonetherapy(某些形式的绝经后激素疗法)canalsoboostyourrisk(提高发病几率).Recentstudiessuggestthatphysicalactivity(体育活动)mayhelplowertheriskofarecurrence(降低复发率)andit‘saprovenmood-booster(被公认为“愉悦情绪激发器”).CausesAndRiskFactors—Ris

7、kFactorsinYourControlBreastAnatomyouterupperquadrant(外上四分之一区域)50%Centralzone(中心区域)20%10%outerlowerquadrant(外下四分之一区域)10%innerlowerquadrant(内下四分之一区域)innerupperquadrant(内上四分之一区域)10%BreastAnatomy—Site(发病部位):Thereareoftennosymptomsofearlybreastcancer,bu