医学英语疾病介绍breastcancer乳腺癌

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1、BreastCancer乳腺癌“粉红丝带”作为全球乳腺癌防治活动的公认标识，用于宣传“及早预防，及早发现，及早治疗”这一信息，足迹遍布全球数十个国家。各国政府亦将每年的10月定为“乳腺癌防治月”。粉红丝带是一场关爱乳房的运动，更是人们对健康和美丽的一种追求，她已经成为了一种爱心和时尚，她正在世界各地迅速升温，越来越多的媒体、政要、名人、明星正在参与进来，我们已经进入了一个全新的“粉红时代”。ThePinkRibbonBreastCancerToday概述CausesAndRiskFactors病因学BreastAnatomy解剖学结构PathologicalChange

2、s病理改变Metastasis转移Symptoms症状SignsAndTests诊断Staging分期Treatment治疗Expectations预后Prevention预防Summary综述BreastCancerToday—InAmericaBreastcancertodayisnotwhatitwas20yearsago.Survivalratesareclimbing,thankstogreaterawareness,moreearlydetection,andadvancesintreatment.(归功于更多的关注，更早的监测和更先进的治疗技术)Forro

3、ughly200,000Americanswhoarediagnosedwithbreastcancereachyear(每年约有二十万美国人被诊断为乳腺癌),thereareplentyofreasonstobehopeful.InAmerica,About1outof8womenarediagnosedwithbreastcancereveryyear.(在美国，一年统计数据表明，大约每八个女性中有一个会罹患乳腺癌)BreastCancerToday—InChinaChinaisoneofthecountrieswithlowerincidenceofbreastc

4、ancer(中国是乳腺癌低发病率的国家之一),Butinrecentyears,theincidenceincreasedsignificantly(但近年来发病率出现了引人注目的增长),Anannual(每年的)increaseof3%to4%,Morethan1to2%oftheworldlevel,Theincidencerateisoneofthewomenmostsusceptibletotumor(发病率为女性易患肿瘤第一位).Theincidenceofbreastcancerfromage40to60yearsgenerally,Butchinesepa

5、tientswithearlyageofonset,The45-year-oldisthemaximumageofsickness.(乳腺癌的好发年龄为40~60岁，但我国患者发病年龄提前，45岁为发病最高峰)Hormonalinfluence(激素影响):Longdurationofreproductive([ˌriprəˈdʌktɪv])life(育龄的长时间持续)Nulliparity([,nʌli‘pærəti]未产妇)Lateageatfirstchild(老龄生育)Functioningovarian([əʊˈveəri:ən])tumor(卵巢肿瘤影响)F

6、ibrocystic([,faɪbro‘sɪstɪk])disease(乳腺纤维囊性病)Radiationexposure(射线照射)Obesity(肥胖)Geneticpredisposition([priːdɪspə‘zɪʃn])(遗传倾向)Virus(病毒)CausesAndRiskFactors—OutlineThemostobviousriskfactorforbreastcancerisbeingawoman.Mengetthedisease,too,butitisabout100timesmorecommoninwomen.Othertopriskfact

7、orsincludebeingoverage55orhavingacloserelative(有亲缘关系)whohashadthedisease.Butkeepinmindthatupto80%ofwomenwithbreastcancerhavenofamilyhistoryoftheillness(80%的乳腺癌患者并无家族病史).CausesAndRiskFactors—BreastCancer:WhyMe?ThegenesmostcommonlyinvolvedinbreastcancerareknownasBRCA1andBRC