北京语言大学考研资料

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1、第一次期末考试提纲及解析FinalexaminationforIntroductiontoLinguistics(June,2008)Ⅰ.Translation(1x20=20%)ChineseintoEnglish=10EnglishintoChinese=10Ⅱ.Fillintheblanks(2x15=30%)FillintheblanksinsentencesusinglinguistictermsⅢ.Answerbrieflythefollowingquestions(5x4=20%)Ⅳ.ShortEssays(15x2=

2、30%)PreparatoryworkexpectedⅠ.ThelistoftermsforsectionⅠandⅡ.Chapter1:1.duality2.arbitrariness3.creativity4.onomatopoeia5.ideationalorinformativefunction6.interpersonalfunction7.displacement8.pragmatics9.psycholinguistics10.emotivefunctionChapter2:1.allophone2.vowel3.pho

3、neme4.stressedsyllables5.consonant6.theinternationalphoneticalphabet7.nasalization8.distinctivefeatures9.tone10.aspiration11.vocalcords12.placeofarticulation13.mannerofarticulation14.peakornucleus15.opensyllable16.dental17.voicing18.assimilation19.articulation20.speech

4、organsChapter3:1.grammaticalword2.lexicalword3.particle4.auxiliary5.morpheme6.affix7.freemorpheme8.boundmorpheme9.inflection10.derivation11.morphology12.semanticchange13.root14.stem15.allomorphChapter4:1.syntacticrelations2.grammaticalconstruction3.immediateconstituent

5、4.endocentricconstructions5.exocentricconstructions6.coordination7.subordination8.subject9.prdicate10.object11.case12.gender13.tense14.aspect15.clauseChapter5:1.conceptualmeaning2.connotativemeaning3.thematicmeaning4.hyponymy5.synonymy6.antonymy7.semanticfeaturesorcomp

6、onents8.metaphor9.proposition10.compositepropositionⅡ.ShortquestionsforsectionⅢ.1.Whatdoesthe“emotivefunction”oflanguagemean?1.Whatdoesdualityasadesignfeatureoflanguagemean?2.Whatisthebasicdifferencebetweenthesynchronicanddiachronicstudiesoflanguage?3.Whatisthedifferen

7、cebetweenthedescriptiveandprescriptivestudiesoflanguage?4.Whatisthedifferencebetweenafreeandboundmorpheme?Giveexamples5.Whatisthedifferencebetweenarootandastem?6.Whatisthedifferencebetweentenseandaspect?7.Whatisthedifferencebetweenconstructionandconstituents?8.Whataret

8、hethreecategoriesofantonymy?Giveexamples.9.Whatisapreposition?Giveexamples.Ⅲ.EssayquestionsforsectionⅣ.1.Discuss“crea