英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习

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1、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习句子从结构上分：1．简单句2．并列句（并列复合句）3．复合句（主从复合句）1）名词性从句：（1）主从(2)宾从(3)表从(4)同从2）形容词性从句定从（限定性的定语从句和非限定性的定语从句）3)副词性从句（状从）简单句的五种基本句型五种句子的基本结构，主谓主谓宾主系表主谓双宾语（间宾直宾）主谓复合宾语（宾+宾补）主语（subject）:是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。Thesunrisesintheeast.          （名词）    Helikesdancing.      （代词）T

2、wentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)  Seeingisbelieving.    （动名词）Toseeistobelieve.          （不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.  （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.        Helikesplayingthegames

3、.表语（predicative）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.    （名词）       Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）    Heisasleep.     （形容词）Hisfatherisin.    （副词）        Thepictureisonthewall.      (介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.        （形容词化的分词）Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.（

4、不定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.              （表语从句）（常见的系动词有:befeel(摸起来,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,taste（尝、吃起来）,smell（闻起来）keep,stay,remain（保持，仍是）get,become,turnfeel（感觉）...  Itsoundsagoodidea.              Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.            Tomlooks第

5、15页共15页thin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.          Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.            NowIfeeltired.宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾IlikeChina.（名词）    Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.  Ienjoyworkingwithyou.  （动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagai

6、n.  （不定式）  Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）    2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?        Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.    3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.      Givethepoormansomemoney.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.  （名词）  Weallthin

7、kitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.  (副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（带to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）主补：对主语的补充。Hewasele

8、ctedmonitor.            Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.www.rr365.com定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。AiY