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1、崔恒武cuihengwuMEDICALENGLISHCongenitalmalformation先天发育畸形corpuscallosum胼胝体Dysplasia发育不良congenitalhydrocephalus【积水】Arachnoidcyst蛛网膜囊肿heterotopicgreymatter灰质异位Tuberoussclerosis结节硬化Craniostenosis—smallskullHypoplasiaofseptumpellucidum透明隔发育不全foramenmagnum枕骨大孔cervicalspinalcanal.颈部椎管Displa

2、cementofthebrainstem脑干移位cerebellartonsils小脑扁桃体herniation（疝）Intracranialhematoma脑内血肿Epiduralhematoma硬膜外Subduralhematoma硬膜下Biconvex双凸lentiform豆状Crescentic新月形encephalocele脑彭出myelomeningoceles脊髓脊膜脱出【maineumi’ningoucie】Aneurysm动脉瘤Contusionofbrain（挫伤）Lacerationofbrain（裂伤）Diffuseinjuryofb

3、rain（弥漫伤）Sequela后遗症Encephalomalacia脑软化Brainatrophy脑萎缩Hydrocephalus脑积水Subduralfluidaccumulation硬膜下积液CONGENITALMALFORMATIONIncluding:DysplasiaofcorpuscallosumSmallskull-狭颅症craniostenosiscongenitalhydrocephalus【积水】Arachnoidcyst珠网膜囊肿cerebralheterotopicgraymatter【异位】Tuberoussclerosis结节硬

4、化HypoplasiaofseptumpellucidumChiarimalformationSoon…..ChiariImalformationcaudaldisplacementofcerebellartonsils,sometimestheinferiorvermis(引部）throughtheforamenmagnumintocervicalspinalcanal.ChiariIIDisplacementofthebrainstemandlowercerebellumintothecervicalspinalcanal.Theforthventric

5、leisusuallycaudallydisplacedandextendsbelowtheforamenmagnum.Associatedwithlumbarmyelomeningoceles脊髓脊膜脱出[maineumi’ningoucie]ChiariIIIDownwarddisplacementofmedullawithherniation（疝）ofcerebellumthroughforamenmagnum.枕骨大孔Resultinginacervicalencephalocele脑彭出ChiariIVseverecerebellarhypopla

6、siawithoutdisplacementofbrainthroughtheforamen.TraumaofbrainandskullIntracranialhematomaEpiduralhematomaSubduralhematoma1.EpiduralHaematomaA:location:Extracerebralbloodcollection,locatedbetweentheduraandtheinnertableoftheskullB.reason:post-traumaticandassociatedwithaskullfracturean

7、dtearingofthemeningealvessels;mayresultfromatearoftheduralsinusandthenbevenousinorigin,morecommonintheposteriorfossa（窝，凹）andresultsfromatearofthetransverseofsigmoidsinus.C.Shape:biconvexorlentiformandnotcrescentic,maycrossthemidline.D.Marginisveryclear.2.SubduralHaematomaA:location

8、:bloodcollectioninthesubdu