太阳能光解水的光阳极材料

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1、太阳能光解水的光阳极材料*谢青季＊＊周文理廉世勋(湖南师范大学化学化工学院化学生物学及中药分析教育部重点实验室长沙410081)摘要光电化学(PEC)分解水制氢将太阳能转化成化学能，被认为有望替代化石能源而成为人类获取能源的最主要方式之一，受到人们的普遍关注。通过各种方法寻找和研究有应用潜力的半导体材料是该领域目前的重要研究方向。本文系统地评述了国内外最受关注的一些半导体材料在光电化学分解水制氢方面的研究进展，主要包括TiO2，α-Fe2O3，BiVO4，WO3和TaON;总结了改善光阳极半导体

2、光电化学性能的策略，包括元素掺杂、形貌控制、表面修饰(包覆钝化层与担载共催化剂)和构建异质结。关键词光电化学池光电催化半导体光阳极水分解中图分类号:O649.4;TQ116.2+9文献标识码:文章编号:A1005-281X(2013)12-1989-10PhotoelectrodeMaterialsforSolarWaterSplittingZhouWenliXieQingji＊＊LianShixun(KeyLaboratoryofChemicalBiologyandTraditionalChi

3、neseMedicineＲesearch，MinistryofEducation，CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering，HunanNormalUniversity，Changsha410081，China)AbstractPhotoelectrochemical(PEC)watersplittingconvertssolarenergyintochemicalenergywhichisstoredinformofchemicalbonds(H2andO

4、2)withtheaidofanartificialphotocatalyst．Asoneofthemostfundamentalwaystoaddresstheincreasingglobaldemandforenergy，PECsolarenergyconversionhasbeenintenselyinvestigatedoverthelastfourdecades．Ｒecently，manyeffortshavebeenmadetofindappropriatematerialsandi

5、mprovethepresentpromisingconductorsthatcantransformsolarenergytoproducechemicalfuels．FromtheprincipleofPECwatersplitting，thispapersystematicallyreviewsrecentadvancesinsomepromisingphotoelectrodematerialsforPECwatersplitting，includingTiO2，α-Fe2O3，BiVO

6、4，WO3andTaON．Moreover，therecentprogressesinimprovingPECperformanceofthephotoelectrodematerialsbysometypicalstrategiesarecriticallydetailedandcompared，including:(1)Elementdopingforenhancingvisiblelightabsorptioninthewidebandgapsemiconductorandincreasi

7、ngthedonordensity;(2)morphologycontrolforincreasingthespecifiedsurfaceareaandshorteningtheaveragedistancethatphotogeneratedholestraveltowardsurfaceofphotoelectrode;(3)surfacetreatmentsforpassivatingsurfacestatebycoatingpassivationoverlayersandreducin

8、gtheoverpotentialthroughloadingcocatalysts;(4)heterojunctionforenlarginglightabsorptionandimprovingelectron-holeseparation．Finally，researchtrendsinPECcellsforsolarhydrogenproductionarediscussed．Keywordssplittingphotoelectrochemicalcells;photoelectroc