病毒的感染与致病机制ppt课件

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1、Chapter21TheinfectionandpathogenicmechanismofvirusViralinfectionOriginofviralinfectionExogenousinfection(1)  patient(2)  carrier(3)animal(zoonoticdisease)Thepathwayofviralinfection1.respiratorytract2.digestivetract3. damagedskinormucousmembranes4.blood5. arthropodvector6.contact:sexcontact(S

2、TD)ThemodeofviralinfectionshorizontaltransmissionVirusestransmitfromperson-to-personoranimaltopersonverticaltransmissionVirusestransmitfrommothertooffspringthroughplacenta---fetus,congenitalinfection,(congenitaldeformity)throughbirthcanal---infectionofnewbornthroughbreastmilk---fromvirus-inf

3、ectedmothersTheviruseswhichcanresultincongenitalinfectionrubellavirus(RV)cytomegalovirus(CMV)herpessimplexvirus-I(HSV-I)hepatitisBvirus(HBV)humanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)congenitaldeformity(先天性畸形)causedbyrubellaviruscongenitaldeformity(先天性畸形)causedbyHCMVViraldisseminationinvivolocalinfecti

4、onsystemicinfectionviremiaskin/mucousmembranecelltocellnervoussystembloodsystemThetypeofviralinfectionI.inapparentorsubclinicalinfectionvirusesenterthebody,butcausenoapparentclinicalsyndrome.II.apparentinfectionorinfectiousdisease.virusesenterthebody,whichcancauseapparentclinicalsyndrome.ac

5、uteviralinfection:virusesexistinthebodiesforashorttime(≦6month)persistentviralinfection:virusesexistinthebodiesforalongtime(＞6month)persistentviralinfection1)chronicinfection:viruscanbecontinuouslydetected.2)latentinfection:virusisusuallynotdetectablebutpatientmayhaveperiodicout-breaksofdise

6、ase.SuchasHSV,VZV3)slowvirusinfection:withlongincubationperiods(years),subacute,progressiveHIV；prion4)delayedcomplicationafteracuteviralinfectionSubacuteSclerosingPanencephalitis(SSPE)HSVHSVThepathogenesisofviralinfectioncellvirusreceptorattachmentproteincellvirustropismI.virus–cellinteracti

7、ons:1.cytocidalinfectionviruswhichinfectandreplicatewithincellscausingthecellstolysewhentheprogenyvirionsarereleased.CPE(cytopathiceffect)2.steadystateinfectionvirusesareproducedfromtheinfectedcellsbutthecellsarenotkilledbytheprocess.---cellfusions